Discussion on Level of Evidence Pyramid
Systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the highest level of evidence because they are the most rigorous in terms of study design. A systematic review is a comprehensive review of all the relevant literature on a particular topic, while an RCT is a study in which people are randomly assigned to receive one treatment or another (Tomlin & Borgetto, 2019). Non-randomized trials and observational studies are lower on the evidence pyramid because they are not as rigorous as systematic reviews and RCTs.
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Observational study with comparison is a type of study that looks at patterns between groups of people. In other words, the pyramid has five levels, from high to low, and these are: systematic review, randomized controlled trial, non-randomized controlled trial, observational study with comparison groups, and case series or case report (Tomlin & Borgetto, 2019). At the top of the pyramid is systematic review, which is considered to be the best evidence because it includes all research on a topic that meets pre-determined quality criteria. Below that is randomized controlled trial (RCT), which is considered to be second-best because it is thought to be least biased and most likely to reflect the true effect.
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The level of evidence pyramid is typically used to reflect the strength of scientific evidence. In general, the higher the pyramid level, the more rigorous and reliable the data. The lowest level, at the base of the pyramid, is case series and case report (Tomlin & Borgetto, 2019). These are unsystematic collections of data from one or a few patients with a specific condition. They provide weak evidence and should not be used to make decisions about patient care. Expert opinion is based on clinical experience and may be helpful in making treatment decisions but it cannot be considered as strong evidence because it’s not subject to the same scrutiny as research studies.
Reference
Tomlin, G., & Borgetto, B. (2019). Research pyramid: A new evidence-based practice model for occupational therapy. The American journal of occupational therapy, 65(2), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2011.000828
On level of evidence pyramid view how thought process aligns with where the opinion are placed on the pyramid, systemic review,Randomized trial, Non randomized trial, Observattion study with comparison groups,case series and case report , Expert opiinion. This is how the level of the pyramid was plce in order from systematic review to the last one Expert opinion
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