Literature Review: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay

Literature Review: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay

Literature Review: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay

Clinical systems collect, store, analyze, avail, and disseminate clinical data to patients and care providers. They are vital communication toll s that allow care providers to communicate internally in healthcare facilities. These technologies may be general or specialized to cover specific aspects of clinical information such as procedures, history taking, diagnosis, and interactions (patient-care provider, care provider-care provider, or patient-to-patient). These clinical systems are associated with improved communication, collaboration, care coordination, and patient outcomes. One such clinical system and the focus of this annotated bibliography is Telehealth services and their effectiveness on mental healthcare services access and support.

Annotated Bibliography

Bulkes, N. Z., Davis, K., Kay, B., & Riemann, B. C. (2022). Comparing efficacy of telehealth to in-person mental health care in intensive-treatment-seeking adults. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 145, 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.11.003

Bulkes et al. (2022) evaluated the efficacy of telehealth compared to in-person mental healthcare in intensive treatment-seeking adults. The study utilized a quasi-experimental study that compared the outcomes of patients (n=1192) who received in-person intensive psychological treatment prior to CIVID-19 to the outcomes of a patient group (n=1192) who received telehealth treatment during the pandemic. The population o interest was patients with a dire need for mental healthcare services, catalyzed by COVID-19, which denied patients access to healthcare services. The outcomes were measured using the depressive symptoms and quality of life from respective questionnaires. No significant statistical or clinical differences existed between the groups, and the patients receiving remote treatment stayed longer. The study suggests telehealth as an effective intervention in improving care outcomes and providing an effective alternative to in-person care services. Telehealth can replace in-person care in most aspects and achieve similar outcomes hence its significance.

Nicholas, J., Bell, I. H., Thompson, A., Valentine, L., Simsir, P., Sheppard, H., & Adams, S. (2021). Implementation lessons from the transition to telehealth during COVID-19: a survey of clinicians and young people from youth mental health services. Psychiatry Research, 299, 113848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113848

The study notes that evidence of telehealth utilization in youth’s mental health remains scarce despite advances in telehealth services to overcome barriers and improve quality and safe care delivery. Nicholas et al. (2021) conducted a study using 92 clinicians and 308 youths and collected data using a questionnaire on service provision, use, and quality following telehealth adoption. Service use data and attendance rates showed increased services utilization among the youths compared to a similar period in 2019. Most youths reported that telehealth positively impacted service quality across eight domains and was more likely to rate telehealth as one with positive outcomes than the care providers. The survey results also showed a high interest in continued telehealth services use. Lessons from the study are that youths prefer telehealth, and telehealth positively impacts service quality, adherence (high attendance rates), and outcomes. Future studies should focus on its long-term and widespread utilization in healthcare facilities.

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Ward, M. J., Shuster, J. L., Mohr, N. M., Kaboli, P. J., Mixon, A. S., Kemmer, J., Campbell, C., & McNaughton, C. D. (2022). Implementation of telehealth for psychiatric care in VA emergency departments and urgent care clinics. Telemedicine and e-Health, 28(7), 985-993. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2021.0263

Ward et al. (2022) conducted a study to evaluate an emergency telehealth intervention in unscheduled settings within the Veterans Health Administration. The study focuses on the emergency department and urgent care clinics. Most telehealth services are booked for patient and care provider convenience, but telehealth can also be used in emergency settings for emergency consultation and care delivery. The researchers used RE-AIM framework to collect data 3 months pre-implementation, th, three The survey results show that telehealth was utilized in 319 (83%) unscheduled mental health consultations postimplementation. In addition, adverse trends in lengths of stay, 7-day revisits, and 30-day mortality also reduced, indicating the clinical significance of the interventions. Use remained high in the sustainability month (82%, n=1010) (Ward et al., 2022). The staff and clinician interviews showed that telehealth in mental health enhances efficiency without quality or safety compromise, provides apprehensive care, is effective in improving care continuity in the COVID-19 pandemic, and will provide sustainability acre effectiveness after the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth is an efficient, effective, and feasible mental health consultation in unscheduled settings and can be used to provide emergency care to patients. For example, family members and patients can consult in emergency settings when handling loved ones with psychotic attacks, seizures, manic episodes, suicidal tendencies, and other mental health emergencies.

Jacobs, J. C., Blonigen, D. M., Kimerling, R., Slightam, C., Gregory, A. J., Gurmessa, T., & Zulman, D. M. (2019). Increasing mental health care access, continuity, and efficiency for veterans through telehealth with video tablets. Psychiatric Services, 70(11), 976-982. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201900104

According to Jacobs et al. (2019), telehealth increases access, continuity, and efficiency to mental health services among veterans. Jacobs et al. (2019) evaluated the impact on veterans’ mental health from the impact of tablet receipt on care access and continuity of mental health care, missed care opportunities, and urgent care utilization. The researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study with patients with mental disorders who received tablets (n=728) to a comparison group (n=1020). Data were collected on sociodemographic data, wireless coverage, mental health utilization, and diagnoses. The intervention group increased (1.94, p<0.001) in psychotherapy sessions, medication management visits, and likelihood of receiving recommended mental healthcare, and decreased missed care opportunities. The study shows that increased access to resources (vide-enabled tablets) and knowledge of telehealth use in mental health services can improve their utilization of mental health services and patient outcomes. Resources such as computers in homes and training on how to use telehealth can promote telehealth utilization in mental health.

Summary

The annotated bibliography above shows that telehealth is a viable technology in the management of mental health. Individuals are often reluctant to seek mental healthcare services due to many factors such as costs and stigma, and telehealth increases access to these services at affordable costs and patients’ and care providers’ convenience (Hamnvik et al., 2022). Bulkes et al. (2020) show that the quality of services provided in telehealth is akin to in-person care despite the variabilities of the environment. The effectiveness can be extrapolated and utilized in other fields, as Hamnvik et al. (2022) show. Nicholas et al. (2021) note that telehealth is more efficient for patients and care providers due to its flexibility and elimination of costs (such as transport), fear associated with COVID-19, and time wasted in-person clinic visits, information supported by Arafat et al. (2021). Telehealth is thus a viable technology in managing mental health and promoting better patient outcomes. In addition, the technology can be used in consultation settings to provide emergency and acute care consultations, further improving mental health outcomes, as Ward et al. (2022) note. According to Jacobs et al. (2019), increasing access to support resources and knowledge of telehealth in mental can improve services utilization and quality patient outcomes. Thus, the technology can reduce the burden of in-person care on patients and care providers, improve care-seeking behavior, and ensure better patient outcomes.

References

Arafat, M. Y., Zaman, S., & Hawlader, M. D. H. (2021). Telemedicine improves mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Global Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.11.03004

Bulkes, N. Z., Davis, K., Kay, B., & Riemann, B. C. (2022). Comparing efficacy of telehealth to in-person mental health care in intensive-treatment-seeking adults. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 145, 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.11.003

Hamnvik, O. P. R., Agarwal, S., AhnAllen, C. G., Goldman, A. L., & Reisner, S. L. (2022). Telemedicine and inequities in health care access: the example of transgender health. Transgender Health, 7(2), 113-116. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2020.0122

Jacobs, J. C., Blonigen, D. M., Kimerling, R., Slightam, C., Gregory, A. J., Gurmessa, T., & Zulman, D. M. (2019). Increasing mental health care access, continuity, and efficiency for veterans through telehealth with video tablets. Psychiatric Services, 70(11), 976-982. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201900104

Nicholas, J., Bell, I. H., Thompson, A., Valentine, L., Simsir, P., Sheppard, H., & Adams, S. (2021). Implementation lessons from the transition to telehealth during COVID-19: a survey of clinicians and young people from youth mental health services. Psychiatry Research, 299, 113848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113848

Ward, M. J., Shuster, J. L., Mohr, N. M., Kaboli, P. J., Mixon, A. S., Kemmer, J., Campbell, C., & McNaughton, C. D. (2022). Implementation of telehealth for psychiatric care in VA emergency departments and urgent care clinics. Telemedicine and e-Health, 28(7), 985-993. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2021.0263

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To Prepare:

Reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery.

Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.”

Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research.

For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographiesLinks to an external site.

The Assignment: (4-5 pages NOT including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:

Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format.

Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper.

Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples.

In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.

Use APA format and include a title page.

Provide a reference page.