Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Essay

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Essay

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Essay

            Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) denotes non-malignant growth (hyperplasia of prostate tissue) and it is implicated in the majority of the lower urinary tract symptoms that are common among elderly men.  It should be noted that in BPH proliferation of the prostate cells leads to an increase in the size of the prostate gland, obstruction, and lower urinary tract symptoms (Lokeshwar et al., 2019).  The most presenting complaint among men with BPH is difficulty during urination and recurrent lower urinary tract infections (Ng & Baradhi, 2022).  The most common predisposing factors to the development of BPH entail advancing age, metabolic disorders, family history of the condition, belonging to the black community and history of diabetes (Skinder et al., 2016).

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            Clinical diagnosis of BPH entails careful history taking of the patient to determine their storage and voiding habits. The history of water consumption and diuretic use should be well documented as they can have a significant impact on the patient’s symptoms (Lokeshwar et al., 2019). Patients can use subjective indices such as the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUASI) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) to determine the  the lower urinary tract symptoms and their impacts on patients that are dealing with symptoms of lower urinary tract infections (Skinder et al., 2016).  Digital rectal examination (DRE) can be employed to determine the shape, and size coupled with the consistency of the prostate gland. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level solves the issues faced in settling on the accurate prostate size in the primary care offices using the DRE (Skinder et al., 2016).  To rule out urinary tract infections, prostatitis, renal cancer as well as prostate cancer as one the causes of lower urinary tract symptoms, a clinician needs to order urinalysis (Lokeshwar et al., 2019; Ng & Baradhi, 2022; Skinder et al., 2016).  Additionally, imaging studies specifically transrectal or transabdominal ultrasound will be necessary to determine the size, anatomy and potential pathology and it is preferred owing to the fact that it is barely invasive, is relatively affordable and leads to reproducible results.

            In conclusion, BPH is one of the non-cancerous urinary tract growths among elderly men which plays a significant role in the urinary tract symptoms among the population.  Diagnosis of the condition entails taking a detailed history of the patient before requesting such tests as digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen levels as a confirmatory test and trans-abdominal or transrectal ultrasound. 

References

Lokeshwar, S. D., Harper, B. T., Webb, E., Jordan, A., Dykes, T. A., Neal, D. E., Terris, M. K., & Klaassen, Z. (2019). Epidemiology and treatment modalities for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Translational Andrology and Urology, 8(5), 529–539. https://doi.org/10.21037/tau.2019.10.01

Ng, M., & Baradhi, K. M. (2022). Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558920/

Skinder, D., Zacharia, I., Studin, J., & Covino, J. (2016). Benign prostatic hyperplasia: A clinical review. JAAPA: Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 29(8), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000488689.58176.0a

 

Select one female or male genitourinary, anus/rectum, or female breast condition or disorder. Summarize and discuss the clinical characteristics and identify the appropriate laboratory, imaging, and other diagnostic and screening tools that apply to this condition or disorder. Why did you select these tests or tools as being appropriate to this scenario? Support your summary and recommended plan with a minimum of two APRN-approved scholarly resources