Week 6 Discussion 2: Healthy People 2030: Physical Activity

Week 6 Discussion 2: Healthy People 2030: Physical Activity

Week 6 Discussion 2: Healthy People 2030: Physical Activity

Healthy People 2030 identifies objectives related to exercise and fitness. Identify ways the nurse practitioner can promote healthy lifestyles and improved exercise compliance of their patients. What technologies are available that can assist patients and providers?

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Healthy People 2030: Physical Activity

According to the US Department of Health and Human Services (n.d.), only 25% of the adult population and 20% of the adolescent population in the United States meet the clinical guideline requirements for physical activity. This is with regard to both isotonic aerobic and resistive or muscle-strengthening exercises. The Healthy People 2030 agenda of physical activity therefore has the goal of improving the health and wellbeing of populations by encouraging physical activity. The purpose of this paper is to outline the strategies the nurse practitioner can use to improve compliance with exercise requirements and promote healthy living. The available technologies that can help in the process are also mentioned.

Strategies the Nurse Practitioner Can Employ to Increase Exercise Compliance and to Promote Healthy Living

Exercise is a lifestyle strategy that has been found to be effective in preventing many lifestyle diseases and conditions (Hammer & McPhee, 2018). There is enough evidence as to warrant its recommendation as the first line of management for conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. This is the current state of evidence-based practice with regard to exercise that exists in two forms. There is isotonic aerobic exercise and also resistive exercise or muscle-strengthening exercise. An example of the former is walking or jogging while an example of the latter is weight bearing. These forms of exercise when done consistently several times a week can prevent and mitigate obesity (CDC, 2022), diabetes mellitus (Jevtovic, 2021), and hypertension (MacDonald & Pescatello, 2018) amongst other conditions.

The nurse practitioner as a clinician can prescribe exercise as a first line management strategy for patients with diabetes, hypertension, and obesity who still do not require medications. They can combine this with diet and make it an interdisciplinary effort by referring the patients to a physical therapist and a dietician respectively. The NP can also engage the patients in health education and promotion by informing them of the benefits of exercise and the negative effects of a sedentary lifestyle. This may require them to also conduct community outreach programs and partner with opinion leaders and entities such as faith-based organizations (FBOs) to reach every corner of the community. Involving the local law enforcement authorities and the neighborhood watch groups will also help as insecurity around neighborhoods is one of the reasons that community members may be afraid of being out exercising.

Technologies to Help Patients and Providers Comply with Exercise Requirements

A number of technologies now exist that have made compliance to exercise requirements easier. For instance, there are now smartphones that can count the number of steps one has taken for the whole day while walking. Some applications can also accurately measure the distance one has covered while engaged in aerobic exercise (walking). In the gymnasium, technology is also at use. A good example is the use of the electronic treadmill that can adjust its speed according to your body’s physiology. It can also record your physiological parameters making it safe and very useful in achieving exercise targets. Last but not least is telehealth. This is the use of audiovisual technology to remotely monitor a patient who is at home by the nurse practitioner (AAFP, 2021). It enables consultation, giving of orders on exercise parameters, and assessing the general health of the patient without them having to travel to the health facility.

Conclusion

The Healthy People 2030 physical activity agenda is an initiative that seeks to help populations meet the requirements for exercise as stipulated in the clinical guidelines. The nurse practitioner plays a very crucial role in ensuring this becomes a reality. This is because they are the ones who are in direct contact with the patients and prescribe for them management. They are therefore better placed to use strategies that will guarantee exercise compliance. Some of these strategies have been outlined in this paper.

References

American Academy of Family Physicians [AAFP] (2021). What’ the difference between telemedicine and telehealth? https://www.aafp.org/news/media-center/kits/telemedicine-and-telehealth.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (January 21, 2022). Healthy weight, nutrition, and physical activity. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/english_bmi_calculator/bmi_calculator.html

Hammer, D.G., & McPhee, S.J. (Eds). (2018). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine, 8^th ed. McGraw-Hill Education.

Jevtovic, F. (2021). Combination of metformin and exercise in management of metabolic abnormalities observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 14, 4043-4057. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S328694

MacDonald, H.V. & Pescatello, L.S. (2018). Exercise prescription for hypertension: New advances for optimizing blood pressure benefits. Lifestyle in Heart Health and Disease, 115-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811279-3.00009-4

US Department of Health and Human Services (n.d.). Healthy People 2030: Physical activity. https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/physical-activity#:~:text=Healthy%20People%202030%20focuses%20on,%2C%20injury%2C%20and%20premature%20deat