Assignment: Leadership Style Reflective Essay
Assignment: Leadership Style Reflective Essay
Nurse leaders need to embrace reflective practice as it allows them to understand their leadership attributes that include strengths and weaknesses. Reflection enables them to learn from experience and recognize areas that need improvements. Effective nurse leaders leverage reflective practice to enhance their abilities and reduce the negative effects of their weak areas. Imperatively, nurse leaders should participate in activities that allows them to develop leadership skills, attributes, and characteristics as effective leaders (Barker, 2021). The purpose of this reflective paper is to evaluate my leadership style based on the results of different self-assessment tests. The paper discussion application of the leadership style in practice and areas that need improvement.
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Summary of Self-Assessment Tests
The tests that I took include personality, values test and emotional intelligence test. I selected the personality test to assist me understand my strengths and weak areas. I took the test also to comprehend the effects of my personality on perception of situations, especially if it negatively impacted my decision-making capability. The personality test showed that I am 70% extraverted and 30% introverted. The test also showed that 65% of my identity is assertive while 35% is turbulent. The tests also revealed that my energy is 60% observant and 40% intuitive (PsychTests AIM Inc., 2022a). The implication is that based on this test, I have a dynamic personality that responds to situations and not static.
The emotional intelligence test is important in gaining insight into one’s ability to deal with a host of situations, especially critical aspects that require use of critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. My score in the emotional intelligence test was 70% implying that I am better skilled to perceive, identify, and express emotions in others and myself (PsychTests AIM Inc., 2022b). The value assessment test was essential in allowing to understand the kind of values that I possess and how I use them in my interactions. Values set attitudes that direct conduct and perception as well as decisions that one makes (PsychTests AIM Inc., 2022c). One must hold certain values in decision-making so as to appreciate all aspects of their choices. The value assessment showed that my dominant values include traditional and realistic while aesthetic, political and theoretical values were moderate. The implication is that values are essential for one to attain ethical leadership.
Leadership Style Aligning with Philosophy of Care
My philosophy of care entails focusing on patients and ensuring that they attain the best care. Based on my core values of caring, compassion, respect and integrity, my philosophy advances that nurses should dedicate and devote themselves to patients to deliver patient-centered care in different settings. As leaders, they must advocate for transformation to enhance care delivery and ensure that patients get quality outcomes. The servant leadership style aligns with my philosophy of care. Servant leadership entails one foregoing their interests at the expense of others’ interests (Weberg et al., 2019). Servant leaders serve first and develop robust relationships with their team members through actively listening to their concerns, showing empathy and humility, having high levels of self-awareness and increased sense of generosity, values and ethics as well as maintenance of integrity (Barker, 2021). Servant leaders allow team members to participate in decision-making resulting in a sense of trust, responsibility and collective accountability.
Reflection on incorporating Elements of Servant Leadership.
Being a leader requires one to understand and appreciate their strengths and weaknesses. Servant leadership is a practical style that nurses and nurse leaders can incorporate in their practice or health care organizations. In this case, the incorporation of this leadership style in my practice is essential as it means leading teams by considering their interests first. Servant leadership entails characteristics like listening and empathy, building teams, showing humility and trust, appreciation, self-awareness and healing (Kibbe & Chen, 2019). It also entails effective persuasion and stewardship. These attributes are essential in health care setting when incorporated since they allow leaders to conceptualize the needs of their teams and listen to them, especially when solving conflicts. Persuasion is essential in helping teams perform better in their different areas of productivity.
Areas for Improvement
The use of the three assessment to evaluate my leadership style demonstrated different areas that need improvement. For instance, the personality test showed a need to increase my assertiveness levels as a leader while the emotional intelligence highlighted the need to improve on the scores from moderation to higher levels.
Further, servant leaders encounter difficulties in managing teams in competitive environments that require fast decisions. However, the current transforming and fast-paced diverse healthcare environment requires quick yet effective decisions (Kibbe & Chen, 2019). This means that I should not just depend on servant leadership approach but incorporate more appropriate components of other styles like transformational leadership approach. Through this, I can mitigate the shortcomings of one and leverage the advantages of the other.
Characteristics of Effective Professional Nurse Leader
Effective professional nurse leaders are a gem in healthcare settings because they inspire performance and teams to offer best care quality for patients. The nurse leaders should use a leadership style that resonates with their team and focuses on increased performance. They can practice servant leadership, transformational and participative leadership models. These leadership styles allow nurses to demonstrate an array of qualities, from integrity to honesty and team work and possess certain skills like active listening and team development or building. They also become transparent and open-minded with a dedication and commitment to serving others, especially patients. An effective nurse leader should also embrace self-reflection to accept reality, develop strategies and advance the organization’s purpose, meaning and goals as well as employees’ concerns.
Application of Leadership Theory and Style Different from Personal Style
Leadership theories explain the reasons and ways that make certain individuals leaders and others not. These theories give characteristics and actions that may allow people to improve their leadership abilities and skills (Deshwal & Ali, 2020). Across these theories, the top traits of effective leadership include strong ethics and high moral values or standards, possession of self-organizational skills, efficient learner, and ability to nurture growth among others, and developing connections, links and a sense of belonging. Consequently, the most appropriate leadership theory that differs from my personal style is relationship theory. Under this theory, leaders are concerned about their interactions with employee and how they can mentor them.
The relationship theory gives rise to transformational leadership style where leaders are keen on making the employees enjoy their work and seek a positive work environment (Mansel & Einion, 2019). Relationship leadership behavior is considered to be the most effective, especially in nursing and health care since it allows leaders to inspire and motivate new employees like new nurses to perform to their level best. The theory is significant as it allows leaders to develop effective relationship with employees and collaborate for better performance. They consult them before making decisions and involve them when conflicts arise to generate the most effective solutions. Leaders who possess this theory and style have high levels of ethical and moral values that allow them to inspire subordinates to perform better.
Conclusion
Reflective practice is important for leaders as they learn their weak areas and strengths. The paper has demonstrated that as an effective leader, one must embrace a transformational style and be servant to the team. Nurse leaders inspire new nurses when they understand their leadership style and apply it to inspire new nurses to provide quality care to patients.
References
Barker, A. M. (2021). Influencing and leading change in the complex healthcare environment:
The role of the advanced practice nurse. In S. M. Denisco (Ed.), Advanced practice
nursing: Essential knowledge for the profession (4th ed., pp. 149–163). Jones & Bartlett
Learning.
Deshwal, V., & Ali, A. (2020). A systematic review of various leadership theories.
Shanlax International Journal of Commerce, 8(1), 38-43.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34293/commerce.v8i1.916
Kibbe, M. R., & Chen, H. (Eds.). (2019). Leadership in surgery. Springer International
Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19854-1
Mansel, B., & Einion, A. (2019). ‘It’s the relationship you develop with them’: emotional
intelligence in nurse leadership. A qualitative study. British Journal of Nursing, 28(21):1400-1408. DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.21.1400.
PsychTests AIM Inc. (2022a). Big five personality test [Measurement instrument].
https://testyourself.psychtests.com/testid/4059
PsychTests AIM Inc. (2022b). Emotional intelligence test [Measurement instrument].
https://testyourself.psychtests.com/testid/3979
PsychTests AIM Inc. (2021c). Values profile [Measurement instrument].
https://testyourself.psychtests.com/testid/3620
Weberg, D., Mangold, K., Porter-O’Grady, T., & Malloch, K. (2019). The Person of the Leader:
The Capacity to Lead. In Leadership in nursing practice: Changing the landscape of
health care (3rd ed., pp. 128–183). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Appendix: APA Checklist
APA Writing Checklist
Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center.
☒ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and format is correct throughout.
☒ The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
☒ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
☒ Topic is well defined.
☒ Strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.
☒ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.
☒ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
☒ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.
☒ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and APA style, and format is free of error.
Scholarly Resources: Scholarly resources are written with a focus on a specific subject discipline and usually written by an expert in the same subject field. Scholarly resources are written for an academic audience.
Examples of Scholarly Resources include: Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.
Peer-Reviewed Journals: Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated prior to publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.
Empirical Journal Article: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that reports the original finding of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include: literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.
Adapted from “Evaluating Resources: Defining Scholarly Resources,” located in Research Guides in the GCU Library.
☒ The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Utilize writing resources such as Grammarly, LopesWrite report, and Thinking Storm to check your writing.
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Assessment Description
The purpose of this assignment is to assist learners in developing effective communication by emphasizing the proper application of APA style. APA style is required for the graduate program.
Refer to the resources in the Class Resources and Student Success Center for assistance with APA. Use the APA Style Guide resource, located in the Student Success Center, to complete this assignment.
For this assignment, complete the following:
Self-Assessment
Self-awareness is essential for developing leadership skills. Recognizing your own strengths, weaknesses, and values, and understanding emotional intelligence and learning styles can help you to be a more effective nurse leader.
For this assignment, you have the opportunity to take a variety of self-assessments to learn more about yourself and identify your assets and weaknesses as a leader. This will assist you in discovering how you can improve your own self-leadership skills. You will be asked to think critically about your results and submit a reflection as directed below.
Refer to the topic Resources. Select and complete three self-assessments. Be sure to document the results of each assessment to assist you in completing the reflection portion of the assignment below.
Self-Assessment Reflection
Becoming self-aware is an ongoing process requiring introspection. The more often people practice self-reflection, the more opportunities they have to understand their own behaviors and adapt their approaches to working with other people, which can improve both your own and other’s abilities to meet their professional goals.
In a 1,000-1,250 word reflective essay, address the following:
Provide a rationale and brief summary for selecting each self-assessment. Summarize the results you obtained on each assessment.
Identify the leadership style that closely aligns to your philosophy of care and explain what appeals to you about that style.
Reflect on how you might incorporate elements of that particular style as you exercise leadership in a practice or health care organization setting.
Discuss any particular areas for improvement the assessments helped you identify and some steps for improving your leadership capabilities.
Analyze the characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership. Discuss the characteristics and explain why they are effective for leadership in nursing.
Analyze different leadership theories and leadership styles. Select one theory and leadership style, different from your own, and explain how they each support a professional nurse leader or individual in nursing leadership. Consider how the theory shapes the nurse leader in such things as collaboration, conflict resolution, decision making, and negotiation.
You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Complete the “APA Writing Checklist” to ensure that your paper adheres to APA style and formatting criteria and general guidelines for academic writing. Include the completed checklist as an appendix at the end of your paper.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Attachments
MSN-APA Writing Checklist-Student.d
Resources
Advanced Practice Nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession
Read Chapters 4 and 27 in Advanced Practice Nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession.
View Resource
Leadership in Nursing Practice: Changing the Landscape of Health Care
Read Chapters 2-4, 7, and 14 in Leadership in Nursing Practice: Changing the Landscape of Health Care.
View Resource
Great Leaders Inspire Great Followership
Read “Great Leaders Inspire Great Followership,” by Cruz, from Leadership Excellence (2014).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=97399121&site=ehost-live&scope=site&custid=s8333196&groupid=main&profile=ehost
Advancing the Nursing Profession Begins With Leadership
Read “Advancing the Nursing Profession Begins With Leadership,” by O’Neill, from Journal of Nursing Administration (2013… Read More
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://gateway.ovid.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovft&AN=00005110-201304000-00001&PDF=y
From Trait to Transformation: The Evolution of Leadership Theories
Read “From Trait to Transformation: The Evolution of Leadership Theories,” by Johns and Moser, from Education (1989)…. Read More
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=4717838&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Nursing Leadership From Bedside to Boardroom: Opinion Leaders’ Perceptions
Read “Nursing Leadership From Bedside to Boardroom: Opinion Leaders’ Perceptions,” by Blizzard, Khoury, and McMurray (2015), loca… Read More
Nursing Leadership From Bedside to Boardroom: Opinion Leaders’ Perceptions
Leadership Styles: Choosing the Right Approach for the Situation
Read “Leadership Styles: Choosing the Right Approach for the Situation,” located on the Mind Tools website.
http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_84.htm
Transformational Leadership: Becoming an Inspirational Leader
Read “Transformational Leadership: Becoming an Inspirational Leader,” located on the Mind Tools website.
http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/transformational-leadership.htm
Servant Leadership: Putting Your Team First, and Yourself Second
Read “Servant Leadership: Putting Your Team First, and Yourself Second,” located on the Mind Tools website.
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/servant-leadership.htm
What Is the Difference Between Management and Leadership?
Read “What Is the Difference Between Management and Leadership?” by Murray (2014), located on The Wall Street Journa… Read More
An Alternative Approach to Nurse Manager Leadership
Read “An Alternative Approach to Nurse Manager Leadership,” by Henriksen, from Nursing Management (2016).
https://journals.lww.com/nursingmanagement/Fulltext/2016/01000/An_alternative_approach_to_nurse_manager.13.aspx
Nurse Manager Skills Inventory
Complete the “Nurse Manager Skills Inventory,” by the Nurse Manager Leadership Partnership (NMLP), located on the HWE Resources p… Read More
https://www.aacn.org/nursing-excellence/healthy-work-environments/hwe-resources
Leadership Style Reflective Essay Assignment Self-Assessment Resources
These resources will be used to complete the Leadership Style Reflective Essay assignment, due in this topic. Please refer to the assignm… Read More
What Is Servant Leadership?
Explore the “What Is Servant Leadership?” page of the Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership website.
Initial Course Survey
In an effort for continuous improvement, Grand Canyon University would like students to take this opportunity to provide feedback about t… Read More
https://www.surveymonke
Rubric Criteria
Total
125 points
Criterion
1. 1: Unsatisfactory
2. 2: Less Than Satisfactory
3. 3: Satisfactory
4. 4: Good
5. 5: Excellent
Application of Leadership Theory and Style Different Personal Style
Application of Leadership Theory and Style Different Personal Style
0 points
A different theory and leadership style, and how they support a professional nurse leader, or individual in nursing leadership, are omitted.
5 points
A different theory and leadership style, and how they support a professional nurse leader, or individual in nursing leadership, are only partially discussed.
5.5 points
A different theory and leadership style, and how they support a professional nurse leader, or individual in nursing leadership are summarized. How the theory shapes the nurse leader in such things as collaboration, conflict resolution, decision making, and negotiation is outlined.
5.75 points
A different theory and leadership style, and how they support a professional nurse leader, or individual in nursing leadership are explained. How the theory shapes the nurse leader in such things as collaboration, conflict resolution, decision making, and negotiation is generally discussed.
6.25 points
A different theory and leadership style, and how they support a professional nurse leader, or individual in nursing leadership are clearly explained. How the theory shapes the nurse leader in such things as collaboration, conflict resolution, decision making, and negotiation is thoroughly discussed.
Required Sources
Required Sources
0 points
Sources are not included.
5 points
Number of required sources is only partially met.
5.5 points
Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate.
5.75 points
Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
6.25 points
Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Characteristics of Effective Professional Nurse Leader
Characteristics of Effective Professional Nurse Leader
0 points
Characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership, are not discussed.
5 points
Characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership, are only partially discussed.
5.5 points
Characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership, are summarized. An explanation why these are effective for leadership in nursing is outlined.
5.75 points
Characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership, are discussed. An explanation for why these are effective for leadership in nursing is presented.
6.25 points
Characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership, are thoroughly discussed. A detailed explanation for why these are effective for leadership in nursing is clearly presented.
Reflection on How to Incorporate Elements of the Leadership Style
Reflection on How to Incorporate Elements of the Leadership Style
0 points
A reflection on how to incorporate elements of the leadership style is not included.
5 points
A reflection on how to incorporate elements of the leadership style is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.
5.5 points
A reflection on how to incorporate elements of the leadership style is present.
5.75 points
A reflection on how to incorporate elements of the leadership style is clearly provided and well developed.
6.25 points
A comprehensive reflection on how to incorporate elements of the leadership style is thoroughly developed with supporting details.
Introduction
Introduction
0 points
The introduction is not presented in required format. The introduction is omitted.
10 points
An introduction is presented but the overall required formatting is not consistently or correctly applied.
11 points
An introduction is presented. The required formatting is applied but there are minor errors.
11.5 points
The introduction is presented. The required formatting is applied, although there may be one or two errors.
12.5 points
The introduction is presented. The required formatting is applied correctly. There are no errors.
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)
0 points
Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed.
5 points
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.
5.5 points
Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.
5.75 points
Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.
6.25 points
The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
Areas for Self-Improvement, Including Steps to Improve Leadership Capabilities
Areas for Self-Improvement, Including Steps to Improve Leadership Capabilities
0 points
A discussion of areas for self-improvement, including steps to improve leadership capabilities, is not included.
5 points
A discussion of areas for self-improvement, including steps to improve leadership capabilities, is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.
5.5 points
A discussion of areas for self-improvement, including steps to improve leadership capabilities, is present.
5.75 points
A discussion of areas for self-improvement, including steps to improve leadership capabilities, is clearly provided and well developed.
6.25 points
A comprehensive discussion of areas for self-improvement, including steps to improve leadership capabilities, is thoroughly developed with supporting details.
A Specific Leadership Style That Aligns With Philosophy of Care, Including Appeal
A Specific Leadership Style That Aligns With Philosophy of Care, Including Appeal
0 points
A discussion of a specific leadership style that aligns with philosophy of care, including appeal, is not included.
5 points
A discussion of a specific leadership style that aligns with philosophy of care, including appeal, is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.
5.5 points
A discussion of a specific leadership style that aligns with philosophy of care, including appeal, is present.
5.75 points
A discussion of a specific leadership style that aligns with philosophy of care, including appeal, is clearly provided and well developed.
6.25 points
A comprehensive discussion of a specific leadership style that aligns with philosophy of care, including appeal, is thoroughly developed with supporting details.
Thesis Development and Purpose
Thesis Development and Purpose
0 points
Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.
10 points
Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.
11 points
Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.
11.5 points
Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.
12.5 points
Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
References
References
0 points
Sources are not documented. A References page is not included.
5 points
Documentation of sources using a References page is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and the required style, with numerous formatting errors.
5.5 points
The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. The required formatting is applied but there are minor errors.Sources are documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and the required style, although some formatting errors may be present.
5.75 points
Sources are documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and the required style, and format is mostly correct.
6.25 points
Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and the required style, and format is free of error.
Title Page
Title Page
0 points
The title page is not formatted according to required style. The title page is omitted.
5 points
The title page reflects some required formatting, but overall it is not correctly applied.
5.5 points
The title page is presented. The required formatting is applied but there are minor errors.
5.75 points
The title page is presented. The required formatting is applied, although there may be one or two errors.
6.25 points
The title page is presented. The required format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
Summary of Self-Assessment Selections and Results
Summary of Self-Assessment Selections and Results
0 points
A summary of why each self-assessment was selected and the results obtained on each assessment is not included.
5 points
A summary of why each self-assessment was selected and the results obtained on each assessment is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.
5.5 points
A summary of why each self-assessment was selected and the results obtained on each assessment is present.
5.75 points
A summary of why each self-assessment was selected and the results obtained on each assessment is clearly provided and well developed.
6.25 points
A comprehensive summary of why each self-assessment was selected and the results obtained on each assessment is thoroughly developed with supporting details.
Main Body
Main Body
0 points
The required formatting is not used for the main body.
15 points
The main body is disorganized. Overall, the required formatting is not consistently or correctly applied.
16.5 points
The sections of the main body are generally identifiable. The required formatting is applied but there are minor errors.
17.25 points
The sections of the main body are clear. The required formatting is applied, although there may be one or two errors.
18.75 points
The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. The required formatting is applied correctly. There are no errors.
APA Style Citations
APA Style Citations
0 points
Sources are not cited throughout. The required style is not used for citations. Sources are not included.
10 points
Citation of sources is incomplete. The use of the required style for citation of sources is inconsistent and incorrect.
11 points
Most sources are cited. One may be missing. The required style and format are typically applied. Some errors are present.
11.5 points
All sources are cited. The required style and format are applied and mostly correct. There may be one or two errors.
12.5 points
All sources are cited. The required style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.
Appendix
Appendix
0 points
The appendix is not formatted according to the required style. The appendix and APA Writing Checklist are omitted.
5 points
The APA Writing Checklist is attached in the appendix but is incomplete. The appendix reflects some of the required formatting, but overall it is not correctly applied.
5.5 points
The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. The required formatting is applied but there are minor errors.
5.75 points
The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. The required formatting is applied, although there may be one or two errors.
6.25 points
The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. The required formatting is applied correctly. There are no errors.