Assignment: Psychological Factors and Patient Education

Assignment: Psychological Factors and Patient Education

Assignment: Psychological Factors and Patient Education

Write a short (50-100-word) paragraph response for each question. This assignment is to be submitted as a Microsoft Word document.

1. Give examples of psychosocial factors that affect the health care professional and the effect those factors could have on patient education.
2. Give examples of psychosocial factors that affect the patient and the effect those factors could have on patient education.
   

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3. Explain what is meant by personality styles and give examples of approaches that could be used to help the patient. Include self-perception as a factor.
4. List the steps in adjustment to illness and how the patient copes with each step.
5. Explain the health professional’s role in teaching the patient at different life stages.
6. Define the role of the family in patient education.
7. How might the family influence the compliance of the patient and what measures can the health care professional use in communication with the family?

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Psychological Factors and Patient Education

1. Give examples of psychosocial factors that affect the health care professional and the effect those factors could have on patient education.

Healthcare professionals face various challenges when delivering care and educating patients. Some of these challenges emanate from organizational and contextual issues, including heavy workloads, nursing staff shortages, and limited resources. Examples of psychosocial factors that affect healthcare professionals are stress, depression, the feeling of hopelessness, and emotional exhaustion (Asante et al., 2019). These issues affect patient education by hindering communication and jeopardizing relationships between healthcare professionals and patients. In this sense, healthcare professionals facing these challenges are less interactive and concerned with educating patients and providing quality care.

2. Give examples of psychosocial factors that affect the patient and the effect those factors could have on patient education.

Although healthcare professionals face various psychosocial factors that affect patient education, patients endure a massive burden of suffering and illness, exacerbating multiple psychological and social concerns. According to Callus et al. (2020), depression, anxiety, and post-treatment stress disorder (PTSD) are examples of psychosocial factors facing patients. These factors affect patient education by limiting patients’ engagement in care plans, affecting their decision-making competencies, and compromising their relational skills.

3. Explain what is meant by personality styles and give examples of approaches that could be used to help the patient. Include self-perception as a factor.

Personality styles are unconscious mental habits that determine how a person perceives the world and how they make decisions based on their worldviews and perceptions (Peck & Pelley, 2017). In healthcare, patients can demonstrate various types of personalities, including openness, extraversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness. Self-perception is a profound factor in developing a personality because it influences the development of implicit perceptions and worldviews. Healthcare professionals can help patients to transform their perceptions and personalities by ensuring effective communication, negotiating perspectives, understanding patients’ values, and preferences, and engaging in the deliberate practice of discussing personality types.

4. List the steps in adjustment to illness and how the patient copes with each step.

Amidst life-threatening conditions like illnesses, patients navigate five stages of adjustment to these conditions: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. During the denial stage, patients often refute the diagnosis and are unwilling to accept the situation. After denial, patients demonstrate aggressive anger provoked by the loss of health. Following a period of anger, patients can begin to reminisce and reflect on old, disease-free lives during the bargaining stage. This step leads to depression where patients exhaust all emotional defenses, prompting healthcare professionals to provide medication assistance or counseling services. Finally, the acceptance phase entails embracing the condition and adhering to interventions for improving health.

5. Explain the health professional’s role in teaching the patient at different life stages.

Healthcare professionals should demonstrate knowledge of different life stages and their subsequent demands when teaching patients. For example, children, adults, and older adults have varying learning needs and capacities to acquire knowledge and understand instructions. As a result, healthcare professionals should focus on learning needs across all life stages, tailor instructions according to patients’ life stages and learning needs, and assist them in making competent decisions. Also, it is essential to educate patients according to their developmental levels.

6. Define the role of the family in patient education.

Patients’ predicaments, including pain and suffering, can affect their capacity to acquire knowledge and understand educational instructions. As a result, family members can play a significant role in improving patient education and the subsequent actualization of educational instructions. According to Maslakpak et al. (2018), providing patient education in the presence of family members promotes the adoption of healthier behaviors and lifestyles consistent with the need to improve patients’ health and wellness. In this sense, family members can act as a reservoir of knowledge and a point of reference for patients upon discharge.

7. How might the family influence the compliance of the patient and what measures can the health care professional use in communication with the family?

Family members’ presence during patient education can improve patients’ compliance with medical instructions and activities for healthier lifestyles (Maslakpak et al., 2018). Although the family plays a significant role in improving a patient’s compliance with instructions, healthcare professionals should adopt appropriate communication strategies when sharing information with family members. Examples of ideal measures for improving communication with families include applying active listening skills, being mindful of nonverbal cues, including body language, being honest when sharing information, showing compassion, developing follow-up plans, and using appropriate communication formats, including simple language and readable materials.

References

Asante, J. O., Li, M. J., Liao, J., Huang, Y. X., & Hao, Y. T. (2019). The relationship between psychosocial risk factors, burnout and quality of life among primary healthcare workers in rural Guangdong province: A cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4278-8

Callus, E., Pagliuca, S., Bertoldo, E. G., Fiolo, V., Jackson, A. C., Boveri, S., De Vincentiis, C., Castelvecchio, S., Volpe, M., & Menicanti, L. (2020). The monitoring of psychosocial factors during hospitalization before and after cardiac surgery until discharge from cardiac rehabilitation: A research protocol. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02202

Maslakpak, M. H., Rezaei, B., & Parizad, N. (2018). Does family involvement in patient education improve hypertension management? A single-blind randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial. Cogent Medicine, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205x.2018.1537063

Peck, K., & Pelley, J. (2017). Quality improvement in healthcare: Personality type and mindfulness as determinants. Open Medicine Journal, 4(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874220301704010035