Community Health Essay

Community Health Essay

Community Statistics

Selected County, State:	Cuyahoga County, State of Ohio, United States
Number of population	1,215,134

Public Services and Access to Care

Data MUST be presented as number per 1000 people or in a comparable manner (i.e. percentage by population)

Provider	County	State	Nation	Source/Reference of Data
Hospitals	28	290	6090	American Hospital association
Physicians (both primary care and specialty)	399 physicians per 100,000 population	24,068	1,062,205	American Hospital association
Overdoses – heroin	38.2%	32.9%	68%	CDC
Public transportation	80%	80%	5%	CDC

 

 

 

Demographic and Ethnic Data (Example: search Google for “Ohio, County Name, and Population”)

Data MUST be presented in a comparable manner (i.e. percentage by population)

Demographic Variable	County	State	Nation	Source/Reference of Data
< 5 y.o.	5.7%	5%	6.0%	United States Census Bureau
18 and younger	20.6%	22.1%	22.3%	United States Census Bureau
65 and older	18.6%	17.5%	16.5%	United States Census Bureau
Male	47.7%	49%	49.2%	United States Census Bureau
Female	52.3%	51%	50.8%	United States Census Bureau
White	63.5%	81.7%	76.3%	United States Census Bureau
Black	30.5%	13.1%	13.4%	United States Census Bureau
American Indian	0.3%	0.3%	1.3%	United States Census Bureau
Asian	3.4%	2.5%	5.9%	United States Census Bureau
Hispanic	6.3%	4.0%	18.5%	United States Census Bureau
Single	51%	NDA	NDA	United States Census Bureau
Married	49%	NDA	NDA	United States Census Bureau

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Health Statistics

Rate	County	State	Nation	Data Source
Infant Mortality (Infants < 1 Y.O. Reported as per 1000 Live Births)
White	4.4	5.7	4.7	PeriStats
Black	14.6	13.8	10.9	PeriStats
Hispanic	7.1	7.9	5.2	PeriStats
Death Rates: (Usually reported as per 100000)
Motor Vehicle Accidents	1179	8,287	NDA	CDC
Lung Cancer	25.6%	NDA	NDA	CDC
Breast Cancer	14.9%	1,744	2.6%	CDC
Cardiovascular Disease	199.8	29,003	165.5	CDC
AIDS	NDA	401	13815 annually	CDC
Diabetes	87 men per 100,000 55 deaths per 100,000.	3873	1.5 million death annually	CDC
Risk Indicators:
Prenatal Care (% of Mothers delivering live infants who did NOT receive prenatal care in the 1st trimester)		NDA	6.2	PeriStats
Obesity		NDA	42.4	PeriStats
Insufficient Physical Activity	58.1%	NDA	32.6%	HIP Cuyahoga

Economic Statistical Data: (Example: search Google for “Ohio Income Range”)

Variable	County	State	Nation	Data Source
Income
Mean	$50,366	$32,780	$35,977	Bureau of Labor Statistics
Poverty rate	13.13%	13.1%	13.4%	Healthy Northeast Ohio
Unemployment Rate	6.96%	5.09%	4%	Healthy Northeast Ohio

Educational Levels: (Example: search Google for “Ohio Income Range”)

Data MUST be presented in a comparable manner- i.e. %

Variable	City or County	State	Nation	Data Source
< High school	7.12%	2.73%	5.1%	Healthy Northeast Ohio
High school	27.23%	32.93%	88%	Healthy Northeast Ohio
College degree	21.64%	20.41%	37.5%	Healthy Northeast Ohio

Analysis:

Reflect on the ways the information you obtained relates to the county where you live and the Healthy People 2030 National Health Objective you have selected to study.

Heart disease is one of the objectives of Healthy People 2030. Heart disease is a significant problem in Cuyahoga because it is the leading cause of death. Heart disease is also the leading cause of death nationally (Murphy et al., 2018). According to Healthy People 2030, the objective focuses on preventing and treating heart disease and stroke to improve overall cardiovascular health (Healthy People 2030, 2021). Apart from death, heart disease also causes disability and poor quality of life. The aim of prevention is to control the risk factors that cause cardiovascular conditions such as high cholesterol levels and high blood pressure. The health screening data shows that Cuyahoga has several risk factors that put people at risk of such diseases. First, the level of physical activity in the community is insufficient at over 58%, yet the national rate is 31%. Physical activity is a risk factor associated with high blood pressure and other lifestyle diseases. Another risk factor derived from the collected data is age. Heart disease and other chronic conditions are prevalent among older people. The county has a significant population of older people. Similarly, heart disease proportionally affects African-Americans, meaning that the population of blacks from Cuyahoga is at risk of heart disease (Carnethon et al., 2017). An important factor that drives health outcomes according to Healthy People 2030 is the social determinants of health. Poor people have a higher risk of poor health outcomes, exposing them to the risk of heart disease and related conditions (Shahzad et al., 2019). In Cuyahoga County, over 13% of the population live below the poverty, meaning they are exposed to poor health outcomes. Issues of access to healthcare also further affect the poor, leading to unnecessary deaths out of avoidable heart disease. In this regard, Healthy People 2030 also ensures that people who develop heart disease can access health services in time (Healthy People 2030, 2021). Healthy People 2030 targets a mean of 3.5 for cardiovascular health score.

 

Priority Community Health Nursing Diagnoses #1

Risk of cardiovascular disease among the older people in Cuyahoga, Ohio related to lack of physical activity and diabetes, as evidenced by the high rates of deaths from heart disease.

Priority Community Health Nursing Diagnoses #2

Risk of infant mortality among the African-American community in Cuyahoga, Ohio, related to poverty, drug use during pregnancy, insufficient physical activity, and challenges in access to health services, as evidenced by the high rates of infant mortality.

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References

Carnethon, M. R., Pu, J., Howard, G., Albert, M., Anderson, C., Bertoni, A., & Mujahid, M. (2017). Cardiovascular Health in African Americans: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 136, e393–e423.

Healthy People 2030. (2021). Heart Disease and Stroke. Retrieved from Healthy People 2030: https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/heart-disease-and-stroke.

Murphy, S.L., Xu, J.Q., Kochanek, K.D., & Arias, E. (2018). Mortality in the United States, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db328-h.pdf

Shahzad, M., Upshur, R., Donnelly, P. et al. A population-based approach to integrated healthcare delivery: a scoping review of clinical care and public health collaboration. BMC Public Health 19, 708 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7002-z

 

Overview
The primary focus of a community health nurse is to improve the health of the community. To do this involves using demographic and epidemiological findings to assess the community’s health and diagnose its needs.
Compile a range of relevant demographic and epidemiological data found on the community assessment rubric for this assignment. Use the websites listed below, as well as other websites (you can also do a Google search to find the health data you are looking for), gather information about your county and compare it with your state and national numbers.
Example Websites:
https://health.gov/healthypeople
https://www.census.gov/
https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/00
https://www.bls.gov/
https://www.who.int/data/collections Zipcode: 44120

Complete the assignment using the attached template on STEP 2.

Once you have obtained the required data, in the Analysis Section of the template, write a summary of findings in the space provided. Click on the analysis space and begin typing your summary. Identify actual and at risk health problems from the data that are relevant to your community.
Below the analysis summary formulate 2 (two) community health diagnoses using the data you have collected

References
Minimum of four (4) total references: two (2) references from required course materials and two (2) peer-reviewed references. All references must be no older than five years (unless making a specific point using a seminal piece of information)

The template will be attach here as a resources to use for the summary needed under the ” analysis”