Discussion: Variables
Compare independent variables, dependent variables, and extraneous variables. Describe two ways that researchers attempt to control extraneous variables. Support your answer with peer-reviewed articles.
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NRS 433 Topic 4 DQ 1 Variables Sample
Nursing research is extensive and often involves testing of various variables. As a description of the sample under study, a variable can represent an individual, place, thing, or other phenomena that researchers measure for different purposes (Kawar et al., 2023). Testing variables to determine cause-effect relationships is common in nursing research. Variables are classified as independent, dependent, and extraneous, and nursing professionals should understand what each entails.
The independent variable represents the variable that researchers manipulate in an experimental study. NRS 433 Topic 4 DQ 1 Variables Researchers manipulate the independent variable (the cause) to explore its effects on the dependent variable. Independent variables are not influenced by other study variables (Ali & Younas, 2021). On the other hand, dependent variables change in response to changes in the independent variables. Andrade (2021) described dependent variables as the outcomes the researcher measures by manipulating the independent variables. A study on the effects of room temperature and children’s activity levels can effectively differentiate independent and dependent variables. The room temperature is the independent variable that researchers can manipulate by increasing and reducing while the activity level is the dependent variable. An extraneous variable is a study element that a researcher is not investigating but can affect the outcomes. For instance, noise can affect how students perform on a test.
Due to the implications of extraneous variables on the study outcomes, researchers attempt to control them using various methods. The first method is the elimination of known extraneous variables like noise. Unknown extraneous variables are usually controlled by randomization. As Nair (2019) explained, randomization involves randomly assigning test subjects to the treatment groups. The primary purpose of randomization is to ensure the values of extraneous variables are similar under different conditions to enhance the validity of results.
NRS 433 Topic 4 DQ 1 Variables References
Ali, P., & Younas, A. (2021). Understanding and interpreting regression analysis. Evidence-Based Nursing, 24(4), 116-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebnurs-2021-103425
Andrade, C. (2021). A student’s guide to the classification and operationalization of variables in the conceptualization and design of a clinical study: Part 1. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 43(2), 177–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0253717621994334
Kawar, L. N., Aquino-Maneja, E. M., Failla, K. R., Flores, S. L., & Squier, V. R. (2023). Research, evidence-based practice, and quality improvement simplified. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 54(1), 40-48. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20221207-09
Nair, B. (2019). Clinical trial designs. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 10(2), 193–201. https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_475_18 NRS 433 Topic 4 DQ 1 Variables
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