NRS 433 Week 2

Assignment: Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the \”Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1\” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

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NRS 433 Week 2  In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two qualitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

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Attachments
NRS-433V-RS2-ResearchCritiqueGuidelinesPart I.docx

NRS 433 Week 2 Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations Sample

Nurses’ routine practice is characterized by a wide range of practice problems affecting patient care, nurses’ health, and the work environment immensely. One such problem is a high workload stemming from increased hospitalizations. Obesity is among the leading factors of increased hospitalizations since obese adults and children seek healthcare services frequently (Lofton et al., 2023). In response, nurses should design and implement evidence-based interventions to prevent or reduce obesity-related hospitalizations. NRS 433 Week 2 Multiple quantitative studies have explored the effectiveness of various interventions in obesity management that could be adopted in healthcare settings to improve health outcomes. For instance, mobile health tools, such as apps, texts, and short calls, can be used to help patients with obesity increase physical activity and adjust their diets appropriately (Dounavi & Tsoumani, 2019; Lewis et al., 2021). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to critique two quantitative studies exploring the effectiveness of mobile health interventions in obesity management.

PICOT Question: among African Americans with obesity (P), can mobile health interventions (I) compared to no support (C) reduce obesity-related hospitalizations by 30% (O) in one year (T)?

NRS 433 Week 2 Background of Studies

Black women struggle with overweight and obesity challenges due to lack of physical activity and other factors. These lifestyle problems are significant to nursing since they affect the care quality that nurses provide. Okunogbe et al. (2021) noted that high obesity rates increase hospital visits among African Americans. This further increases nurses’ workload, necessitating evidence-based interventions at organizational and community levels. In response, Bowen et al. (2022) purposed to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile-health text messages in promoting physical activity among Black women. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of mobile health intervention designed to increase physical activity among older Black women with overweight or obesity. The research question was: what is the effectiveness of the Texting Older Sisters to Step (TOSS) intervention in increasing physical activity behaviors among Black women with obesity? NRS 433 Week 2 

Patients with obesity do not live a high-quality life and are vulnerable to other chronic diseases like diabetes and cancer. To avert this danger, nursing professionals should explore the feasibility of technology-based interventions and guide patients and families in their adoption. Determined to promote technology utilization in obesity management, Likhitweerawong et al. (2021) determined the effectiveness of the OBEST application in reducing weight and encouraging healthy eating among obese children and obesity. The objective was to examine how the tech-based intervention could be used in obesity management by promoting healthy behaviors. The research question was: how can OBEST reduce weight and improve eating habits in obese children and adolescents?

NRS 433 Week 2  Articles Supporting the Nursing Practice Problem

The articles answer the PICOT question by showing how various mobile health interventions can improve obesity management. The article by Bowen et al. (2022) will be used to demonstrate the effectiveness of physical activity promotional messages in obesity management. Improving physical activity reduces obesity rates, hence a proportional decline in obesity-related hospitalizations. Likhitweerawong et al. (2021) will be used to answer the PICOT question by demonstrating the effectiveness of the OBEST application in reducing weight and promoting healthy eating among children and adolescents with obesity. The interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those in the PICOT question in strategies used in obesity management, race, and health problems. Concerning interventions, all the groups utilize mobile-based health interventions, as stated in the PICOT question. The groups also consist of African Americans with obesity, which is the research’s focus population.

NRS 433 Week 2 Method of Studies

Researchers use various methods depending on the purpose of the study and the variables. Bowen et al. (2022) conducted feasibility, randomized controlled trial focusing on increasing physical activity among Black women. The intervention group received daily promotional text messages for physical activity while the control group received general health information weekly. Data were collected and compared at baseline and post-intervention using health assessments. In the other study, Likhitweerawong et al. (2021) also conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the OBEST application. The intervention group received standard care supplemented with the OBEST app, while the control group received standard care only. The methods differ in that the first study is a feasibility trial, while the second is purely a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Both are RCTs that allow researchers to evaluate interventions prospectively before applying them to a wider population (Hariton & Locascio, 2018). Their main limitation is external validity, which is the extent to which results can be generalized to the wider population.

NRS 433 Week 2 Results of Studies

The studies confirmed various outcomes significant to nursing practice. Bowen et al. (2022) found that the TOSS intervention improved obesity management behaviors among the intervention group. The authors found that the intervention group recorded more steps (700) daily and lost more weight (2.5 pounds) than the control group. The readability of text messages and their design to motivate participants were pivotal in the success of the intervention. In the other study, Likhitweerawong et al. (2021) found that the intervention group had more body mass index reduction and more participants engaged in healthy eating behaviors. Besides, the odds of the intervention group not consuming fast foods were 4.5 times higher than the control group. Therefore, the OBEST application was effective in weight reduction and promoting healthy behaviors. NRS 433 Week 2 

In everyday practice, nurses encounter practice problems with profound implications for health outcomes. The findings of these studies imply that obesity is manageable through mobile health interventions. As a result, nurses should evaluate how they can use such interventions to reduce obesity and related hospitalizations in healthcare settings. Achieving this goal is critical for improved patient care since reducing hospitalizations would lead to a proportional decline in workload, healthcare costs, and illness burden in healthcare facilities.

NRS 433 Week 2 Ethical Considerations

Researchers should ensure that their studies adhere to the established ethical standards. Respect for persons is among the primary ethical considerations achieved by treating research participants as autonomous individuals who should freely participate in a study after informed consent (Bitter et al., 2020). The other important ethical consideration is beneficence. Researchers promote beneficence by obtaining data with useful applications and minimizing risks significantly (Bitter et al., 2020). Both studies adhered to these principles since informed consent was obtained from participants, and the procedures were approved by the appropriate ethical committees. For instance, since children were involved, Likhitweerawong et al. (2021) obtained data from parents and participants. Data were also collected to guide health professionals in improving health outcomes, which aligns with the foundations of the beneficence principle.

NRS 433 Week 2 Conclusion

Nursing research extensively evaluates the effectiveness of tech-based interventions in obesity management. As discussed in this paper, mobile health interventions effectively improve obesity management by helping people with obesity improve physical activity and eating behaviors. The practicality of these interventions underlines the need for nursing professionals to implement similar measures in their healthcare facilities to reduce obesity-related hospitalizations. Doing so would reduce nurses’ workload and improve the quality of patient care.

NRS 433 Week 2 References

Bitter, C. C., Ngabirano, A. A., Simon, E. L., & Taylor, D. M. (2020). Principles of research ethics: A research primer for low-and middle-income countries. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 10, S125-S129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2020.07.006

Bowen, P. G., Affuso, O., Opoku-Agyeman, W., Mixon, V. R., & Clay, O. J. (2022). Texting older sisters to step to manage obesity in older black women: a feasibility study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 63(1), S56-S66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.03.014

Dounavi, K., & Tsoumani, O. (2019). Mobile health applications in weight management: a systematic literature review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 56(6), 894-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.12.005

Hariton, E., & Locascio, J. J. (2018). Randomised controlled trials – the gold standard for effectiveness research: Study design: randomised controlled trials. BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 125(13), 1716. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15199

Lewis, E., Hassmén, P., & Pumpa, K. L. (2021). Participant perspectives of a telehealth trial investigating the use of telephone and text message support in obesity management: a qualitative evaluation. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06689-6

Likhitweerawong, N., Boonchooduang, N., Kittisakmontri, K., Chonchaiya, W., & Louthrenoo, O. (2021). Effectiveness of mobile application on changing weight, healthy eating habits, and quality of life in children and adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. BMC pediatrics, 21(1), 499. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02980-x

Lofton, H., Ard, J. D., Hunt, R. R., & Knight, M. G. (2023). Obesity among African American people in the United States: a review. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 31(2), 306–315. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23640

Okunogbe, A., Nugent, R., Spencer, G., Ralston, J., & Wilding, J. (2021). Economic impacts of overweight and obesity: current and future estimates for eight countries. BMJ Global Health, 6(10), e006351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006351 NRS 433 Week 2