NUR 513 Topic 7 DQ 1 Describe the steps of the evidence-based research process and the importance of using them essay

NUR 513 Topic 7 DQ 1 Describe the steps of the evidence-based research process and the importance of using them essay

Topic 7 DQ1

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a clinical inquiry-based practice that seeks to solve clinical problems by integrating the best available evidence to provide a solution (Li et al., 2019). There are six main stages of evidence-based practice. The first stage is the clinical inquiry, culminating in a clinical question based on a particular problem. The clinical question is often written in PICOT format. The clinical inquiry step is important because it helps in identifying a problem affecting practice.  The second step is research, which entails gathering relevant resources to answer the cultivated question. The third step in EBP is the appraisal of sources. Appraisal of the collected research studies or articles involves analysis of the selected sources to determine the credibility and quality of evidence (Abu-Baker et al., 2021). The fourth stage in EBP is the integration of collected evidence in clinical practice. During this process, the evidence is applied to address the identified problem. The fifth step is evaluation, which means assessing whether the applied evidence has attained the desired objectives in terms of positive clinical outcomes including safety and quality elements. The last phase is the dissemination of evidence, once it is established that it produces beneficial clinical and patient outcomes.

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The steps in EBP are important to ensure a systematic process of gathering evidence. Moreover, the steps ascertain the credibility of the collected evidence. Finally, steps such as an appraisal of sources are critical to EBP because there are many sources available for evidence, but not all of them are of high quality (Corrigan et al., 2019). Hence, it ensures that only high-quality research studies are used for evidence. One source of information used to determine if a problem is worth EBP change is hospital reports. Most hospitals report quality measures such as rates of hospital-acquired infections, which gives a visualization of the scope of the problem. The second source of information is patient surveys of populations impacted by the problem.

References

Abu-Baker, N., AbuAlrub, S., & Obeidat, R. (2021). Evidence-based practice beliefs and implementations: a cross-sectional study among undergraduate nursing students. BMC Nurs, 20, 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00522-x.

Corrigan, M., Burke, F., Hayes, M., Lynch, H., Sahm, L., Heffernan, E., . . . Hegarty, J. (2019). Evidence-based practice education for healthcare professions: an expert view. BMJ Evid Based Med., 24(3):103-108. https://doi.10.1136/bmjebm-2018-111019.

Kaewkungwal, J., & Adams , P. (2019). Ethical consideration of the research proposal and the informed-consent process: An online survey of researchers and ethics committee members in Thailand. Accountability in Research, 26:3, 176-197. https://doi.10.1080/08989621.2019.1608190.

Topic 7 DQ2

Research is a noble process that leads to the development of evidence to support practice. However, conducting research involving human subjects create the potential for ethical issues. The major ethical issues that might occur when conducting research relate to consent, confidentiality and privacy, research with vulnerable populations, respect for autonomy, and non-maleficence. NP must ensure that the participants have given their consent to participate in the research and for their information to be used by the broader population (Kaewkungwal & Adams, 2019). To give consent, the right to autonomy, anonymity, and informed choice must be established. For example, the researcher should indicate the nature of the research with potential benefits and risks so that participants can make an informed decision about whether to take part in the research or not. Moreover, informed consent should also make it clear that the participants have a right to withdraw at any point in the study (Burles & Bally, 2018). Regarding confidentiality, the participants should be assured of their identities remaining confidential and private. To this end, NPs involved in a study must ensure that they store the research information securely and only accessible by authorized people.

Additionally, when conducting research, NPs should consider the principle of nonmaleficence because some studies can harm individuals. A study that causes harm to participants is unethical. Another ethical issue with research is the involvement of vulnerable populations in research, for example, children, the elderly, and pregnant women. Research with these populations is highly discouraged because of the high risk for harm. In the case of children, the researcher must have additional consent signed by the parent or guardian (Wu et al., 2019). As a researcher, the NP is responsible for ensuring that every research they are involved in or use is reviewed by the Institutional Review Board, which ascertains that the research has met all the ethical requirements. Additionally, nurse practitioners should also advocate on behalf of vulnerable people to ensure that they are not exploited or their rights violated by the researchers.

References

Burles, M. C., & Bally, J. M. (2018). Ethical, Practical, and Methodological Considerations for Unobtrusive Qualitative Research About Personal Narratives Shared on the Internet. International . Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406918788203.

Kaewkungwal, J., & Adams , P. (2019). Ethical consideration of the research proposal and the informed-consent process: An online survey of researchers and ethics committee members in Thailand. Accountability in Research, 26:3, 176-197. https://doi.10.1080/08989621.2019.1608190.

Wu, Y., Howarth, M., & Zhou, C. (2019). Reporting of ethical approval and informed consent in clinical research published in leading nursing journals: a retrospective observational study. BMC Med Ethics, 20, 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-019-0431-.

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TOPIC 7 DQ 1
Assessment Description
Describe the steps of the evidence-based research process and the importance of using them. In the initial stages of an EBP project, where do nurses in your specialty go to locate sources of information that help them to determine whether or not a practice problem is appropriate for an evidence-based practice change proposal. Include two specific sources on information in your discussion.

TOPIC 7 DQ 2
Assessment Description
What are some of the major ethical issues in conducting research that impacts the advanced registered nurse? Discuss the role of the advanced registered nurse in advocating for patient safety and rights in conducting research.