NUR 590 Topic 5

Discussion: Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal: Implementation Plan

In 1,250-1,500 words, discuss the implementation plan for your evidence-based practice project proposal. When required, create the appropriate form, table, image, or graph to fully illustrate that aspect of the intervention plan and include them in an appendix at the end of your paper. You will use the implementation plan, including the associated documents in your appendices, in the Topic 8 assignment, during which you will synthesize the various aspects of your project into a final paper detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.

Include the following:

Describe the setting and access to potential subjects. If there is a need for a consent or approval form, then one must be created. Include a draft of the form as an appendix at the end of your paper.

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Create a timeline. Make sure the timeline is general enough that it can be implemented at any date. Based on the timeline you created, describe the amount of time needed to complete this project. Include a draft of the timeline as an appendix at the end of your paper.

Develop a budget and resource list. Consider the clinical tools or process changes that would need to take place. Based on the budget and resource list you developed: (a) describe the resources (human, fiscal, and other) or changes needed in the implementation of the solution; and (b) outline the costs for personnel, consumable supplies, equipment (if not provided by the institute), computer-related costs (librarian consultation, database access, etc.), and other costs (travel, presentation development). Include a draft of the budget and resource list as an appendix at the end of your paper. NUR 590 Topic 5 

Explain whether you would select a qualitative or quantitative design to collect data and evaluate the effectiveness of your evidence-based practice project proposal. Provide rationale to support your selection.

Describe the methods and instruments (questionnaire, scale, or test) to be used for monitoring the implementation of the proposed solution. Include the method or instrument as an appendix at the end of your paper.

Explain the process for delivering the intervention and indicate if any training will be needed.

Discuss the stakeholders that are needed to implement the plan.

Consider all of the aspects of your implementation plan and discuss potential barriers or challenges to the plan. Propose strategies for overcoming these challenges.

Establish the feasibility of the implementation plan.

Refer to the “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal – Assignment Overview” document, located in Class Resources for an overview of the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments. NUR 590 Topic 5

You are required to cite a minimum of five peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Complete the “APA Writing Checklist,” located in Class Resources, to ensure that your paper adheres to APA style and formatting criteria and general guidelines for academic writing. Include the completed checklist as an appendix at the end of your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Lopes Write. A link to the Lopes Write technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.

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NUR 590 Topic 5 Rubric

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Rubric Criteria

Total120 points

Criterion

1. Unsatisfactory

2. Insufficient

3. Approaching

4. Acceptable

5. Target

Setting and Access to Potential Subjects

Description of setting and access to potential subjects; consent or approval form is attached in an appendix, if needed.
0 points

The setting and access to potential subjects are not described. A consent or approval form needs to be created and attached in an appendix. Revision is needed.
6.72 points

The setting and access to potential subjects are only partially described. A consent or approval form is attached but contains significant errors; the form is not attached in an appendix.
7.39 points

The setting and access to potential subjects are generally described. Some additional information is needed. A consent or approval form is attached but requires some revision; the form is attached in an appendix but has formatting errors.
7.73 points

The setting and access to potential subjects are described. A consent or approval form is needed and attached in an appendix. Minor revision may be needed on the form or to correct formatting issues in the appendix. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy. NUR 590 Topic 5
8.4 points

The setting and access to potential subjects are clearly described. A well-developed and accurate consent or approval form is attached correctly in an appendix.

Timeline

Description of time required; draft of timeline is attached in an appendix.
0 points

The amount of time needed to complete this project is not described. A timeline needs to be created and attached in an appendix. Revision is needed.
6.72 points

The amount of time needed to complete this project is only partially described. A timeline is attached but contains significant errors; the timeline is not attached in an appendix.
7.39 points

The amount of time needed to complete this project is generally described. Some additional information is needed. A timeline is attached but requires some revision; the timeline is attached in an appendix but has formatting errors.
7.73 points

The amount of time needed to complete this project is described and general enough to be implemented at any date. Minor revision may be needed on the timeline, or to correct formatting issues in the Appendix. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.

8.4 points

The amount of time needed to complete this project is clearly described and general enough to be implemented at any date. A well-developed timeline is attached correctly in an appendix.

Budget and Resource List

Description of resources or changes required; outline of cost and budget and resource list are attached in an appendix.
0 points

Description of resources or changes needed and outline of costs are omitted. A budget and resource list need to be created and attached in an appendix. Revision is needed.
6.72 points

Description of resources or changes needed and outline of costs are partially presented. A budget and resource list are attached but contain significant errors; the list is not attached in an appendix.

7.39 points

Description of resources or changes needed and outline of costs are generally presented. Some additional information is needed. A budget and resource list are attached but require some revision; the list is attached in an appendix but has formatting errors.
7.73 points

Description of resources or changes needed and outline of costs are presented. Minor revision maybe needed on the budget or resource list, or to correct formatting issues in the appendix. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.
8.4 points

A detailed description of resources or changes needed and outline of costs are clearly presented. A well-developed budget and resource list are attached correctly in an appendix.

Research Design

Quantitative or qualitative design to collect data and evaluate effectiveness.
0 points

Research design is not selected. NUR 590 Topic 5
6.72 points

A research design is selected. It is unclear how the design will be used to collect data and evaluate effectiveness of the evidence-based practice project proposal.
7.39 points

A research design is selected. A general explanation of how the design will be used to collect data and evaluate effectiveness of the evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. More rational is needed for support.
7.73 points

A research design is selected. An explanation of how the design will be used to collect data and evaluate effectiveness of the evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. Adequate rationale is provided for support.

8.4 points

A research design is selected. A thorough explanation for how the design will be used to collect data and evaluate effectiveness of the evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. Strong rationale is provided for support.

Methods and Instruments

Methods or instruments used for monitoring implementation.
0 points

The methods or instruments are omitted. The methods or instruments need to be created and attached in an appendix.
6.72 points

The methods or instruments used for monitoring the implementation of the proposed solution are only partially discussed. A methods or instruments are attached but contain significant errors; the methods or instruments are not attached in an appendix.
7.39 points

The methods or instruments used for monitoring the implementation of the proposed solution are summarized, but more information is needed. The methods or instruments are attached but require some revision; the list is attached in an appendix but has formatting errors.
7.73 points

The methods or instruments used for monitoring the implementation of the proposed solution are described. Minor revision may be needed for the methods or instruments, or to correct formatting issues in the appendix. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.
8.4 points

The methods or instruments used for monitoring the implementation of the proposed solution are thoroughly described. The methods or instruments are accurate and correctly attached in an appendix.

Process for Delivering Intervention and Needed Training

Process for Delivering Intervention and Needed Training
0 points

The process for delivering the intervention is omitted.

6.72 points

The process for delivering the intervention is only partially described.

7.39 points

The process for delivering the intervention and any needed training is summarized. More information or support is needed.
7.73 points

The process for delivering the intervention and any needed training is explained. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.
8.4 points

The process for delivering the intervention and any needed training is thoroughly explained. Strong rationale is provided for support.

Stakeholders for Implementation

Stakeholders for Implementation

0 points

Stakeholders needed to implement the plan are omitted. NUR 590 Topic 5
6.72 points

The discussion of stakeholders needed to implement the plan is incomplete.
7.39 points

A summary of stakeholders needed to implement the plan is presented. More information or support is needed.

7.73 points

An adequate discussion of stakeholders needed to implement the plan is presented. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.
8.4 points

A thorough discussion of stakeholders needed to implement the plan is presented. Strong rationale is provided for support.

Barriers or Challenges to Plan and Strategies for Overcoming

Barriers or Challenges to Plan and Strategies for Overcoming
0 points

Potential barriers or challenges to the implementation plan are not discussed.

6.72 points

Potential barriers or challenges to the implementation plan are only partially discussed.

7.39 points

Potential barriers or challenges to the implementation plan are summarized. General strategies for overcoming these are presented.
7.73 points

Potential barriers or challenges to the implementation plan are discussed and strategies for overcoming these are proposed. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.
8.4 points

Potential barriers or challenges to the implementation plan are thoroughly discussed and clear strategies for overcoming these are proposed. Strong rationale is provided for support.

Evidence of Feasibility

Evidence of Feasibility
0 points

The feasibility of the implementation plan is not discussed.
6.72 points

The feasibility of the implementation plan is only partially discussed.
7.39 points

The feasibility of the implementation plan is outlined. More information or support is needed to demonstrate the feasibility of the plan.

7.73 points

The feasibility of the implementation plan is discussed. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy.
8.4 points

The feasibility of the implementation plan is thoroughly discussed. Strong rationale is provided for support.

Required Sources

Required Sources
0 points

Sources are not included.
6.72 points

Number of required sources is only partially met.

7.39 points

Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate.
7.73 points

Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
8.4 points

Number of required resources is met. Sources are current and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Thesis, Position, or Purpose

Communicates reason for writing and demonstrates awareness of audience.
0 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is not discernible. No awareness of the appropriate audience is evident.

6.72 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is discernable in most aspects but is occasionally weak or unclear. There is limited awareness of the appropriate audience.

7.39 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is adequately developed. An awareness of the appropriate audience is demonstrated.
7.73 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is clearly communicated throughout and clearly directed to a specific audience.
8.4 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is persuasively developed throughout and skillfully directed to a specific audience.

Development, Structure, and Conclusion

Advances position or purpose throughout writing; conclusion aligns to and evolves from development.
0 points

No advancement of the thesis, position, or purpose is evident. Connections between paragraphs are missing or inappropriate. No conclusion is offered.
7.68 points

Limited advancement of thesis, position, or purpose is discernable. There are inconsistencies in organization or the relationship of ideas. Conclusion is simplistic and not fully aligned to the development of the purpose.
8.45 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is advanced in most aspects. Ideas clearly build on each other. Conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose.
8.83 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is logically advanced throughout. The progression of ideas is coherent and unified. A clear and plausible conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose. NUR 590 Topic 5
9.6 points

The thesis, position, or purpose is coherently and cohesively advanced throughout. The progression of ideas is coherent and unified. A convincing and unambiguous conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose.

Evidence

Selects and integrates evidence to support and advance position/purpose; considers other perspectives.
0 points

Evidence to support the thesis, position, or purpose is absent. The writing relies entirely on the perspective of the writer.
4.8 points

Evidence is used but is insufficient or of limited relevance. Simplistic explanation or integration of other perspectives is present.
5.28 points

Relevant evidence that includes other perspectives is used.
5.52 points

Specific and appropriate evidence is included. Other perspectives are integrated.
6 points

Comprehensive and compelling evidence is included. Multiple other perspectives are integrated effectively.

Mechanics of Writing

Includes spelling, capitalization, punctuation, grammar, language use, sentence structure, etc.

0 points

Errors in grammar or syntax are pervasive and impede meaning. Incorrect language choice or sentence structure errors are found throughout.
4.8 points

Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors are present. Inconsistencies in language choice or sentence structure are recurrent.
5.28 points

Occasional mechanical errors are present. Language choice is generally appropriate. Varied sentence structure is attempted.
5.52 points

Few mechanical errors are present. Suitable language choice and sentence structure are used.

6 points

No mechanical errors are present. Skilled control of language choice and sentence structure are used throughout.

Format/Documentation

Uses appropriate style, such as APA, MLA, etc., for college, subject, and level; documents sources using citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., appropriate to assignment and discipline.
0 points

Appropriate format is not used. No documentation of sources is provided.

4.8 points

Appropriate format is attempted, but some elements are missing. Frequent errors in documentation of sources are evident.
5.28 points

Appropriate format and documentation are used, although there are some obvious errors.

5.52 points

Appropriate format and documentation are used with only minor errors.

6 points

No errors in formatting or documentation are present. Selectivity in the use of direct quotations and synthesis of sources is demonstrated.

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NUR 590 Topic 5 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal: Implementation Plan

Medication errors are a significant nursing problem with severe impacts on healthcare facilities and patients of different demographics. The frequency and adverse effects of medication errors indicate an issue requiring evidence-based, sustainable solutions. Linden-Lahti et al. (2023) identified medication administration errors as a patient care concern whose frequency varies between 5% and 10%. Implementing an evidence-based practice (EBP) project is critical to improving patient safety and preventing issues associated with medication errors, such as hospital-acquired infections, fatalities, and increased healthcare costs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the project’s implementation plan to provide details regarding how the outcomes of the dual-verification protocol for high-alert and high-risk medications will be realized.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Setting and Access to Potential Subjects

The proposed EBP project (dual verification required protocol for high-alert and high-risk medications for reducing medication errors) will be implemented in an acute care setting. This setting offers a wide range of services, including emergency care, cardiology care, trauma care, short-term stabilization, and other clinical interventions that are appropriate for patients who develop sudden symptoms. Fundamental principles for attaining high-quality care include patient-centeredness, continuous safety enhancement, and care coordination. Healthcare settings that value care coordination emphasize commitment to facilitating healthcare services appropriately by organizing patient care services among participants involved in the process, including the patient (Karam et al., 2021). The proposed project embodies care coordination since two or more professionals will be involved in medication verification before administration. The primary subjects are nurses who will adopt the dual verification protocol to reduce medication errors. It is important for research subjects to consent to indicate knowledge of what the project entails and voluntary participation (Grant, 2021). The consent form is provided as Appendix A.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Timeline

Project leaders should keep their tasks organized and work within the schedule. The project timeline is a valuable project management tool for tracking the progress and preventing possible implementation delays (Sipes, 2023). The proposed project’s implementation includes various phases, such as planning/initiation, meeting with stakeholders, stakeholder education, resource allocation, user/staff training and piloting the project, adopting the dual verification protocol, initial evaluation, and hand-off/closure. These activities would take approximately twelve weeks (Appendix B). A comprehensive project evaluation is scheduled after six months.

Budget and Resource List

Various resources with a cost implementation are needed during project implementation. In the proposed project, nurses will be introduced to the mandatory dual verification protocol, acquire basic training, and adopt it as the standard medication administration procedure in the setting. The budget and resource list (Appendix C) summarizes the various resources, supplies, tools, and other costs needed to implement the solution. Resource considerations include human resources (the project leader, management support, and nurses) and educational materials (for stakeholders and staff). Costs for personnel, supplies, and other costs include training costs, time costs, and training development costs. Computer-related costs are primarily about technologies and devices for the presentation. Other associated costs include project monitoring and evaluation checklists. Adjustments may be made in response to new training requirements and other arising needs.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Research Design

Implementing nursing interventions would only be meaningful if it is effective from a patient care dimension. Nurses make accurate inferences regarding the effectiveness of the proposed change through the collected and analyzed data. A quantitative design would be appropriate for collecting data and evaluating the project’s effectiveness. The design’s primary strength is providing numerical data that can be objectively analyzed to identify patterns and relationships between variables (Leavy, 2022). The incidence of medication errors is typically expressed in numbers, favoring a quantitative approach. In this case, the difference in numbers before and after the dual verification protocol will be the primary reference, highlighting the suitability of a quantitative design.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Methods and Instruments

Implementation monitoring is critical to determining whether the proposed solution is being implemented in the right way. Effective monitoring helps project leaders make informed decisions regarding progress, identify issues that may hinder accomplishing the desired outcomes, and adjust appropriately to mitigate unwanted consequences (Sipes, 2023). A task monitoring report is an appropriate method for monitoring the implementation of the dual verification protocol. The report (Appendix D) outlines the key implementation tasks/deliverables, owner, start and due dates, and status. Its application in the proposed project will help the project leader to determine whether key implementation phases are executed within deadlines and if there is an issue that necessitates adjustments.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Process for Delivering Intervention and Needed Training

Adopting the dual verification protocol involves culture change to a safer setting that is committed to medication error prevention. As indicated in the timeline (Appendix B) and monitoring instrument (Appendix D), stakeholders for the implementation will be identified, resources allocated, and the staff trained before the mandatory verification for high-alert/high-risk medications commences. Accurate and standard dual verification is carried out by two competent healthcare professionals who partner in confirming medication administration (Manias et al., 2020). The staff training will equip them with the necessary skills for conducting a process that aligns with organizational goals as well as safety and ethical standards. The intervention should be delivered within 12 weeks (3 months) and the other three months will be on progressive monitoring and outcome analysis.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Stakeholders for Implementation

Stakeholders are indispensable in the implementation process, and it is right to deduce that implementation cannot succeed without addressing stakeholder barriers. Stakeholders champion the proposed change, provide valuable input for better decision-making, and perform some roles as the project leader delegates (Williams & Finkelstein, 2023). The administration is a key stakeholder group needed to implement the plan. Its presence and influence reduce barriers to change by facilitating the implementation through resources and a culture that allows new practices. The second important group is the clinicians. In particular, healthcare professionals will be part of the implementation by direct participation in the staff training and adopting the mandatory dual verification protocol. Support staff, like nursing assistants, also participate in patient care and safety improvement projects. They can be involved in playing supportive roles like distributing educational/training materials and data collection.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Barriers or Challenges to Plan and Strategies for Overcoming

Nurses introduce new healthcare practices in organizations with varying cultures and resources to facilitate the process and in settings where workloads affect stakeholder participation in change management. Potential barriers to this plan include the high reliance on internal change champions like the administration and clinicians. This reliance is a huge impediment since the daily workload may deny healthcare providers adequate time and support to implement EBP in clinical practice (Paci et al., 2021). Besides time constraints, insufficient resources and resistance to change are often experienced when translating evidence into practice and could be encountered during the implementation process. Solutions (strategies to overcome these challenges) include stakeholder engagement and education as indicated in the timeline (Appendix B), sufficient staff training to overcome fears and concerns related to the protocol, and proper communication (clear and frequent) to encourage participation and support.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Evidence of Feasibility

A feasible implementation plan should be practical and lead to seamless change integration into the present clinical practices. Among many feasibility indicators, the current plan is supported by evidence. This implies that current research supports the proposed procedures to change management and would guarantee desirable results. Other important evidence-based indicators include staff capacity to adopt the proposed change as well as high readiness within a culture that values innovative solutions for patient problems (Lunden et al., 2021). The other element that makes the plan realistic is the implementation time. It happens when the organization supports and rewards change for quality and safety improvement. As a result, the project will likely experience inconsequential or no barriers.

NUR 590 Topic 5 Conclusion

Medication errors are a significant nursing problem that should be addressed to improve patient safety, care quality, and patient satisfaction. Implementing a solution like the mandatory dual verification protocol is a time-bound activity with measurable goals. The implementation plan outlines key activities, those responsible for different roles as change champions, timeline, research design, and other crucial components. Feasibility indicators include evidence-based procedures, staff capacity, and a likelihood of minimal (manageable) or no barriers.

NUR 590 Topic 5 References

Grant, S. C. (2021). Informed consent—We can and should do better. JAMA Network Open, 4(4), e2110848-e2110848. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.10848

Karam, M., Chouinard, M. C., Poitras, M. E., Couturier, Y., Vedel, I., Grgurevic, N., & Hudon, C. (2021). Nursing care coordination for patients with complex needs in primary healthcare: a scoping review. International Journal of Integrated Care, 21(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.5518

Leavy, P. (2022). Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community-based participatory research approaches. Guilford Publications.

Lunden, A., Kvist, T., Teräs, M., & Häggman-Laitila, A. (2021). Readiness and leadership in evidence-based practice and knowledge management: a cross-sectional survey of nurses’ perceptions. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research, 41(4), 187-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057158520980687

Manias, E., Kusljic, S., & Wu, A. (2020). Interventions to reduce medication errors in adult medical and surgical settings: a systematic review. Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, 11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042098620968309

Paci, M., Faedda, G., Ugolini, A., & Pellicciari, L. (2021). Barriers to evidence-based practice implementation in physiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 33(2), mzab093. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzab093

Sipes, C. (2023). Project management for the advanced practice nurse. Springer Publishing Company.

Williams, V. W., & Finkelstein, J. B. (2023). Speaking and listening: The importance of stakeholder engagement in quality improvement in pediatric urology. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 19(6), 792-799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.08.017

NUR 590 Topic 5 Appendix A: Consent Form

Research Consent Form
Full Title of the Project
Name of the Investigator
Research Overview ·         I confirm that I have been briefed about the proposed study, I have asked relevant questions, and I have received satisfactory answers regarding what the project entails, how I will participate, and the scope of work involved. ·         I understand that participation is voluntary and I can withdraw when I wish without giving any reason. I understand: ·         All the risks and benefits ·         Who will access, store, and use my data ·         How the study will be written up ·         Study publication ·         Raising concerns and making complaints I also agree to be recorded if need be Signature…………………… Date …………………………….

NUR 590 Topic 5 Appendix B: Timeline

Phase/ Timeline	Project Planning/Initiation	Meeting with stakeholders	Stakeholder education	Resource allocation	Staff training	Piloting and full Adoption	Initial assessment	Closure and hand-off
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Week 11
Week 12

NUR 590 Topic 5 Appendix C: Budget and Resource List

Category	Items/resources	Cost
Resources (human, fiscal, and other)	The project leader, management support, and nurses) Educational materials	N/A   $100
Personnel, supplies, and equipment	Training expenses Time costs Training development costs Support staff compensation	$250
Computer-related costs	Presentation’s technologies and devices, e.g. computers	Available
Other costs	Additional resources during training	$150
Total		$500

NUR 590 Topic 5 Appendix D: Project Monitoring Tool (Task Monitoring Report)

Tasks/Deliverables/milestones	Owner	Start Date	Due Date	Status
Planning
Stakeholder education
Staff training
Piloting and adoption
Initial evaluation

Incidence Survey

Month	Number of Medication Errors
1
2
3
4
5
6

NUR 590 Topic 5 Appendix E: APA Writing Checklist

Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center.

☒ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and format is correct throughout.

☒  The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☒ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☒ Topic is well defined.

☒ Strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.

☒ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.

☒ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☒ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.

☒ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and APA style, and format is free of error.

Scholarly Resources: Scholarly resources are written with a focus on a specific subject discipline and usually written by an expert in the same subject field. Scholarly resources are written for an academic audience.

Examples of Scholarly Resources include: Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.

Peer-Reviewed Journals: Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated prior to publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.

Empirical Journal Article: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that reports the original finding of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include: literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.

Adapted from “Evaluating Resources: Defining Scholarly Resources,” located in Research Guides in the GCU Library.

☒ The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Utilize writing resources such as Grammarly, Lopes Write report, and Thinking Storm to check your writing. NUR 590 Topic 5