NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1

Discussion: Select one abdominal condition or disorder. Then complete the following:

NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1 Assessment Description

Select one abdominal condition or disorder. Then complete the following:

Briefly discuss the condition/disorder.

Describe the symptoms and physical exam findings associated with condition/disorder.

Identify appropriate laboratory, imaging, and other diagnostic/screening tools that apply to the disorder and explain how they will help you with your diagnosis.

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List two other conditions that could cause a similar presentation (differential diagnoses) and explain how you would “rule out” those differentials.

Support your description with a minimum of two scholarly resources. You may not select a condition or disorder that has already been profiled by another learner; you must select a different one.

American Association of Colleges of Nursing Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education

This assignment aligns to AACN Core Competencies 1.2, 1.3.

NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1 Sample

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory pancreatic condition characterized by reversible parenchymal change. The inflammatory reaction results from the release of zymogens that can get activated by their active enzymes, which may cause further complications such as respiratory and renal failure, pleural effusion, and intra-abdominal hemorrhage (Zerem et al., 2023). It is a common cause of an acute abdomen in the emergency room and requires immediate management to minimize the risk of irreversible complications. Gallstones and acute and excessive use of alcohol are the two major causes of acute pancreatitis. However, trauma, steroid use, mumps, and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, hypercalcemia, and hypertriglyceridemia can also cause the disorder.

Patients with pancreatitis often present with acute epigastric abdominal pain that radiates to the back. NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1 Most patients say it is worsened by lying supine and alleviated by leaning forward. Some patients may also experience nausea and vomiting. Their vitals may reveal tachycardia, hypotension, and a low-grade fever. Upon examination, some patients may have jaundice and dehydration (Szatmary et al., 2022). An abdominal examination may reveal generalized abdominal distension, focal epigastric tenderness, rebound tenderness, guarding, and rigidity. In cases of intra-abdominal hemorrhage, Grey-Turner’s, Cullen’s, and Fox’s signs may be evident.

Serum lipase and amylase are the two most important laboratory tests required in the evaluation of pancreatitis where both are elevated. Liver function tests, lipid profiles, and blood alcohol levels are essential in identifying the cause of pancreatitis. NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1 Other crucial laboratory tests include urea, electrolytes, and creatinine, arterial blood gases, complete blood counts, and blood glucose levels(Szatmary et al., 2022). These tests are crucial in the evaluation of crucial complications such as hypocalcemia, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, and hypoglycemia. Crucial imaging tests include an abdominal ultrasound and contrast tomography (CT), magnetic resonant cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and a chest and upper abdomen radiograph (Ashraf et al., 2021). The tests can identify the cause and complications of the pancreatitis.

Perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer and dissecting aortic aneurysm are the two conditions that present with acute epigastric pain. Serum amylase and lipase are crucial in differentiating perforated gastric or duodenal ulcers and pancreatitis, where the two enzymes are only elevated in acute pancreatitis(Szatmary et al., 2022). On the other hand, a CT is crucial in differentiating acute pancreatitis and dissecting aortic aneurysm.

NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1 References

Ashraf, H., Colombo, J. P., Marcucci, V., Rhoton, J., &Olowoyo, O. (2021). A Clinical Overview of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: The Medical and Surgical Management. Cureus, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.19764

Szatmary, P., Grammatikopoulos, T., Cai, W., Huang, W., Mukherjee, R., Halloran, C., Beyer, G., & Sutton, R. (2022). Acute Pancreatitis: Diagnosis and Treatment. Drugs, 82(12), 1251-1276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-022-01766-4

Zerem, E., Kurtcehajic, A., Kunosić, S., Malkočević, D. Z., &Zerem, O. (2023). Current trends in acute pancreatitis: Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 29(18), 2747-2763. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i18.2747 NUR 634 Topic 7 DQ 1