Discussion: Practice the physical exam techniques outlined in the topic’s assigned Bates’ Physical Examination Videos and write a reflection on the following:
NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2 Assessment Description
Practice the physical exam techniques outlined in the topic’s assigned Bates’ Physical Examination Videos and write a reflection on the following:
Identify three techniques that you learned from the videos.
What aspects of the assigned physical examination are you doing well?
What are you going to focus on for improvement as you practice for the skills check off?
Scholarly resources are not required.
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Objectives:
NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2 Identify clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of conditions related to the musculoskeletal system and extremities.
Apply subjective (symptoms) and objective (physical exam) findings associated with the musculoskeletal system and extremities to the diagnostic process.
Apply diagnostic or screening tools to the diagnostic process for the musculoskeletal system and extremities.
Create a list of differential diagnoses for chief complaints related to conditions of the musculoskeletal system and extremities.
Practice physical exam techniques for evaluating the musculoskeletal system and extremities.
Resources
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Bates’ Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking
Required
Read Chapter 23 in Bates’ Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking.
View Resource
Bates’ Visual Guide: 12-Month Access Card to BatesVisualGuide.com With OSCE Clinical Skills Videos
Optional
View and complete video segments 16.1-16.17 in “Volume 16: Musculoskeletal System” in Bates’ Visual Guide:
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https://batesvisualguide.com/
NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2 Sample
Musculoskeletal and extremity examinations are crucial in evaluating muscle and joint function and sensory innervation of the hands and feet. As a result, the basis of the examination involves knowing the joints and the contribution of different muscles in facilitating joint movement. Through Bate’s physical examination videos, I have learned about multiple joints in the upper and lower limbs and the trunk, whose main action is maintaining posture and gait (Sonoo, 2023). I can evaluate movements performed by different joints and recognize when there is limited joint mobility and stiffness. I have also learned how to perform a muscle exam that involves testing for power, tone, bulk, and reflexes. I have also learned how to perform a gait examination by asking the patient to walk toward you and backward (Hulleck et al., 2022). NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2 The examination allows one to note symmetry, arm swing, smooth movement, pelvic tilt, ability to turn quickly, and stride length.
I have noted that I am quite confident in certain aspects of musculoskeletal physical examination, including testing for joint function in the upper and lower limbs. I can examine the range of motion involved in the upper limb’s shoulder, elbow, wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and interphalangeal joints (Laskowski et al., 2020). I can also examine for range of motion in the lower limb joints, such as the hip, knee, ankle, and phalangeal joints. I can perform a muscular exam, grade muscle power, and identify abnormalities in muscle tone such as hypotonia, spasticity, and hypertonia. NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2
However, I have noted I have challenges evaluating different reflexes, including extensor carpi radialis, triceps, brachioradialis, patellar, and Achilles tendon reflexes. I am also having challenges identifying the different types of abnormal gaits and their associated clinical conditions (Hulleck et al., 2022). They include waddling, steppage, spastic, antalgic, and ataxic gaits.
NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2 References
Hulleck, A. A., Mohan, D. M., Abdallah, N., Rich, M. E., & Khalaf, K. (2022). Present and future of gait assessment in clinical practice: Towards the application of novel trends and technologies. Frontiers in Medical Technology, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmedt.2022.901331
Laskowski, E. R., Johnson, S. E., Shelerud, R. A., Lee, J. A., Rabatin, A. E., Driscoll, S. W., Moore, B. J., Wainberg, M. C., & Terzic, C. M. (2020). The Telemedicine Musculoskeletal Examination. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 95(8), 1715-1731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.05.026
Sonoo, M. (2023). Recent advances in neuroanatomy: the myotome update. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2022-329696p NUR 634 Topic 8 DQ 2