PH 480 Lesson 5: John Rawls, Death Penalty, and the Environment
PH 480 Lesson 5: John Rawls, Death Penalty, and the Environment
Lesson 5
John Rawls, Death Penalty, and the Environment
Learning Objectives:
1. Identify philosophical ideas and critically analyze text from different perspectives in the field of ethics.
2. Identify and compare various terms and questions of classical and contemporary ethics.
3. Summarize the relationship of business work and decisions in relationship to ethics.
4. Create a draft of a personal ethic to apply in various situations. (This should develop as you continue in the course.)
5. Formulate and articulate arguments on ethical issues that are rationally coherent, consistent, and persuasive.
6. Compare and contrast an ethical issues from at least two different perspectives.
7. Create and illustrate an ethical decision making model.
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Weekly Goals
A. Explain John Rawl’s Theory of Justice (Aligns with Course Goal 1,2,3,4, 5, 6)
B. Understand the ethical issues surrounding the death penalty (Aligns with Course Goal 2,3,4, 5, 6, 7)
C. Understand the ethical issues surrounding environmental ethics (Aligns with Course Goal 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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Lecture
This week is one of my favorites because I am personally a huge fan of John Rawls. Rawls is known for his theory of justice which boils down to a social analysis of what is expected for the least in our society. I’ll explain it this way… If we were to imagine a veil placed upon us, not a real veil, but a veil that prevents us from knowing the future. Then we were all placed all in a random lottery not knowing where we will end up. So, if you were all placed under individual veils and randomly selected to sit in a large classroom what would the bas needs you have and should they be met? For example, if you sit in the front you may not be concerned with the volume of the lecture or the size of the font on the board. However, if you are in the back of a large lecture hall these things might be concern to you. So, Rawl’s would say that each of us would want proper volume and the ability to see the board just in case we are at the back of the room. If we take this and apply it to a society, what the basic needs we would want would should we find ourselves in a “poor situation.” He would argue that we can’t expect the
government to think ethically about justice because regardless of if a bill gets passed for social security, they all live in a reality and will go home to a situation that the decisions has zero impact on them personally. Perhaps this is ego-centric?
The death penalty and environmental ethics are both contemporary ethics issues in our day and both play into the political process and narrative. Some may be against the death penalty, the Catholic Church is. Christ was killed by the state. The Christian position may be that it is God’s life to give and His to take away, also killing them early before they have time to repeat or find God is unethical. Others may argue that it is justice. Would Rawl’s?
Environmental ethics looks at the ecosphere and our responsibility to it. Do we have an ethical responsibility to care of the earth, are we stewards of the earth? Perhaps we need to repent in the face of the damage done by our machines and industry. I say repent in terms of stopping the damage, recognizing the damage, and working to repair it. Maybe I don’t feel any responsibility to future generations. Maybe I don’t think there is anything wrong at all! What might Rawl’s think of this issue?
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