Psychotherapy for Clients with Addictive Disorders Essay

Psychotherapy for Clients with Addictive Disorders Essay

Psychotherapy for Clients with Addictive Disorders Essay

Addictive disorders particularly substance use disorders present an increasing burden globally. According to López et al. (2021), the lifetime prevalence rate of DSM-5 drug use disorders is approximately 9.9% in the United States. Drugs commonly abused include alcohol, amphetamines, cannabis, opioids, and cocaine among others. The community and individual costs of drug use in the US are approximated to be in excess of $193 billion (López et al., 2021). Substance use disorders further cause significant impairment in social, occupational, and personal function as well as increased morbidity and mortality. Consequently, prompt evaluation and treatment of these patients are fundamental. Evaluation of substance use disorders commences with screening followed by assessment using the DSM-5 for behavioral, physiological, and cognitive symptoms. Mild cases of substance use can be treated with psychotherapy alone while moderate to severe cases require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. In the subsequent paragraphs, an overview of the Models of treatment for Addiction video and an overview of a research article related to the treatment of addictive disorders shall be discussed.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE ON;Psychotherapy for Clients with Addictive Disorders Essay

Models of Treatment for Addictive Disorders Video

Several models of treatment are available for substance use disorders including the medical model, spiritual model, psychological model, sociocultural and biopsychosocial-spiritual model (Snipes, 2017). The medical model is primarily office based while the spiritual model emphasizes the spiritual path to recovery. On the other hand, the psychological model focuses on self-control of behaviors, individual and group counseling, and pharmacotherapy for concurrent medical conditions. Nevertheless, the biopsychosocial-spiritual model is the preferred model. This model is comprehensive, patient-centered, and focuses on the strengths and competencies of the individual. I will consider this model for a client presenting with addiction. Important questions to ask when attending to clients with addictive disorders include the following;

• How can we make treatment more available?
• How can we make treatment more effective?
• What are the client’s competencies and strengths?
• What previous treatments has the client been on?
• What are the needs of the client (Stubbs & Merrill, 2019)?
• Which treatment effectively attends to the multiple needs of the client (Stubbs & Merrill, 2019)?

Research Article

Parramore, Jill D. “Group Treatment Effectiveness for Substance Use Disorders: Abstinence vs. Harm Reduction” (2020). Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Dissertation, Counseling & Human Services, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/dy9q-0w95 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/chs_etds/120

Parramore (2020) conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of group treatment for substance use disorders within the United States across treatment philosophies of abstinence and harm reduction. In this study, the group was the population under consideration. The specific intervention offered was group therapy. Group treatment is defined as two or more unrelated individuals who meet specifically to enhance wellbeing. Group treatment is a common and most widely used treatment modality for substance use disorders. According to Parramore (2020), group therapy is cost-effective and has high rates of efficacy as group experience offers curative forces. Similarly, a group leader must possess counseling competencies, and specialized skills in handling group processes and must consider both individual and group interests.

Five studies met the inclusion criteria. In four studies the harm reduction condition outperformed the abstinence condition – standardized mean difference (-0.15, CI [- 0.38, 0.08]). However, the meta-analysis indicated that there was not a statistically significant difference between outcomes of substance use by treatment philosophy (Z = 1.29) and (P = 0.20) (Parramore, 2020). These results are typical of what is expected in clinical practice. Patients with addiction disorders find it difficult to abstain from substance use hence high incidences of relapses (Kabisa et al., 2021). According to Kabisa et al. (2021), approximately 40 to 60% of patients relapse following the completion of treatment and rehabilitation programs. Factors that contribute to relapses include individuals using more than two substances, living with peers, and family conflicts. Similarly, substance use disorders cause considerable physical, social, occupational, and personal functioning impairment. Consequently, group therapy involving psychoeducation, specialized topics, interpersonal processes, and skills development significantly decreases harm related to the liver, livelihood, partners, and law enforcement.

The limitations of this research included a low number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria, mediating, moderating, and confounding variables, the difficulty of rigorous design in the measurement of outcomes and provision of services, clinical settings, and ethical limitations during the selection of control and comparison groups, changes in attendance from session to session, therapist adherence to philosophy, and group dynamics. These limitations of this systemic review and meta-analysis particularly the few studies and difficult measurement of the outcomes limit the use of the findings from this study in clinical practice since they are not readily generalizable (Kamper, 2020). Similarly, group dynamics and diversities make it more difficult to generalize.

Conclusion

Substance use disorder is a public health burden in the United States and globally. Treatment for substance use disorder should be individualized, patient centered and based on client’s competencies and strengths. Group therapy is an effective and widely treatment modality for substance use disorders. Addictive disorders have high relapse rates even after completion of treatment and rehabilitation. Finally, the articles used in this paper are scholarly since they are peer reviewed journal articles from recommended sources and have been published within the last five years.

References

Kabisa, E., Biracyaza, E., Habagusenga, J. D., & Umubyeyi, A. (2021). Determinants and prevalence of relapse among patients with substance use disorders: case of Icyizere Psychotherapeutic Centre. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 16(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00347-0

Kamper, S. J. (2020). Generalizability: Linking evidence to practice. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 50(1), 45–46. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2020.0701

López, G., Orchowski, L. M., Reddy, M. K., Nargiso, J., & Johnson, J. E. (2021). A review of research-supported group treatments for drug use disorders. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 16(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00371-0

Parramore, J. D. (2020). Group treatment effectiveness for substance use disorders: Abstinence vs. Harm Reduction [Old Dominion University Libraries]. https://doi.org/10.25777/DY9Q-0W95

Snipes, D. [DocSnipes]. (2017, November 4). Models of treatment for addiction | addiction counselor training series. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQkA0mIWx8A

Stubbs, K., & Merrill, B. M. (2019). Addiction disorder considerations for patients seeking psychotherapy. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, 16(3–4), 11–15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31214477

 

Assignment: Psychotherapy for Clients With Addictive Disorders
Addictive disorders can be particularly challenging for clients. Not only do these disorders typically interfere with a client’s ability to function in daily life, but they also often manifest as negative and sometimes criminal behaviors. Sometime clients with addictive disorders also suffer from other mental health issues, creating even greater struggles for them to overcome. In your role, you have the opportunity to help clients address their addictions and improve outcomes for both the clients and their families.

To prepare:
• Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide about diagnosing and treating addictive disorders. As you watch the 187 Models of Treatment for Addiction video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQkA0mIWx8A
• , consider what treatment model you may use the most with clients presenting with addiction.
• Search the Walden Library databases and choose a research article that discusses a therapeutic approach for treating clients, families, or groups with addictive disorders.
The Assignment
In a 4 page paper , address the following. Provide an overview of the article you selected in bullet points
o What population (individual, group, or family) is under consideration?
o What was the specific intervention that was used? Is this a new intervention or one that was already studied?
o What were the author’s claims?
• Explain the findings/outcomes of the study in the article. Include whether this will translate into practice with your own clients. If so, how? If not, why?
• Explain whether the limitations of the study might impact your ability to use the findings/outcomes presented in the article.
• Support your response with at least three other peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources. Explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Provide references to your sources on your last slide. Be sure to include the article you used as the basis for this Assignment.