Select one pulmonary, cardiac, peripheral vascular, or lymphatic system condition or disorder. Summarize and discuss the clinical characteristics and identify the appropriate laboratory, imaging, and other diagnostic and screening tools that apply to this condition or disorder. Explain why you selected these tests or tools as being appropriate to this process. Support your summary and recommended plan with a minimum of two APRN-approved scholarly resources. You may not select a condition or disorder that has already been profiled by another learner; you must select a different one.

Select one pulmonary, cardiac, peripheral vascular, or lymphatic system condition or disorder. Summarize and discuss the clinical characteristics and identify the appropriate laboratory, imaging, and other diagnostic and screening tools that apply to this condition or disorder. Explain why you selected these tests or tools as being appropriate to this process. Support your summary and recommended plan with a minimum of two APRN-approved scholarly resources. You may not select a condition or disorder that has already been profiled by another learner; you must select a different one.

The selected condition is a peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD is a circulatory condition characterized by narrowing or blockage of blood vessels leading to a reduction in the blood flow to the legs or limbs. This condition is an indication of calcium build-up or fatty deposits in artery walls leading to atherosclerosis (Campia et al., 2019). There are several risk factors for this condition including diabetes, smoking, old age, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. The clinical characteristic of PAD is claudication. Claudication is characterized by pain in the muscle’s lower extremity which is brought by walking and lessened by rest. Although claudication is usually typified by cramping pain, some individuals claim arching, pressure, fatigue, and weakness (Campia et al., 2019). The physical signs that portray PAD include cool skin to the touch coupled with the pain while walking, muscle atrophy, reduced or lack of pulses in the feet, cold or numb toes, hair loss, ulcers or sores in the feet or leg that do not heal, and smooth and shiny skin.

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PAD can be diagnosed by an ankle brachial index (ABI). ABI is a noninvasive test that evaluates the blood pressure in the ankles and weighs against the blood pressure in the arms following physical activity. ABI is deemed superior and appropriate for PAD compared to other screening tests because it is simple, and non-invasive, which can be consistently determined in every patient (Herraiz-Adillo et al., 2020). PAD can also be diagnosed by imaging tests such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), ultrasound, X-rays, and computed tomographic (CT) angiography. Imaging tests are appropriate because they assess the severity and the scope of the disease, locate any blockages, visualize the flow of blood, and help in planning and guiding revascularization.

References

Campia, U., Gerhard-Herman, M., Piazza, G., & Goldhaber, S. Z. (2019). Peripheral artery disease: past, present, and future. The American journal of medicine, 132(10), 1133-1141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.04.043

Herraiz-Adillo, Á., Cavero-Redondo, I., Álvarez-Bueno, C., Pozuelo-Carrascosa, D. P., & Solera-Martínez, M. (2020). The accuracy of toe brachial index and ankle brachial index in the diagnosis of lower limb peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis, 315, 81-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.09.026

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please respond to discussion question below minimum 250 words thank you,

Select one pulmonary, cardiac, peripheral vascular, or lymphatic system condition or disorder. Summarize and discuss the clinical characteristics and identify the appropriate laboratory, imaging, and other diagnostic and screening tools that apply to this condition or disorder. Explain why you selected these tests or tools as being appropriate to this process. Support your summary and recommended plan with a minimum of two APRN-approved scholarly resources. You may not select a condition or disorder that has already been profiled by another learner; you must select a different one.

I HAVE CHOSE PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE FOR THIS TOPIC