The Self-Care Theory Sample
The Self-Care Theory was developed by Dorothea Orem from 1959 to 2001. The theory is founded on the belief that all people have self-care needs and the right and ability to meet these needs themselves unless when their capacity is compromised in some way. In Orem’s theory, self-care requisites are universal and are connected with human functioning and life (Hartweg & Metcalfe, 2022). Orem described three self-care requisites: Universal, developmental, and health deviation. The nurse’s scope in this theory is to assist patients and their associates in achieving self-care, taking ability and need into account.
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Orem’s theory is logically adequate since it defines the process nurses can use to identify patients’ needs, how they can meet their self-care needs, and to what degree. The theory is useful in assessment from the self-care perspective, focusing on the three categories of self-care requisites and identifying self-care deficits (Hartweg & Metcalfe, 2022). It relates concepts in a way to develop a different way of perceiving a specific phenomenon. Its simplicity is evident in how it outlines that after assessment, the nurse should proceed to work with the patient and the family in planning measures that will eliminate the deficit by either decreasing the self-care demand, increasing the patient’s capacity to meet the demand, enabling significant others to give dependent care, or meeting the self-care demand directly. Orem’s theory is relatively simple but generalizable since it can be applied to a wide range of patient settings (Yip, 2021). Furthermore, the theory can be employed by nurses to guide and improve clinical practice and is consistent with other validated theories and principles, which shows it has been tested. The Self-Care Theory
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The Self-Care Theory can be applied to improve the quality of practice in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing by organizing patient care in one of three nursing systems following negotiation involving all parties concerned. It can be applied in identifying if nursing interventions will be wholly compensatory, partly compensatory or supportive-educative (Yip, 2021). The theory applies to the PMHNP role since the practitioner may perform activities for a patient, assist the patient in carrying out shared activities, or help them develop the ability to act on their behalf.
The Self-Care Theory References
Hartweg, D. L., & Metcalfe, S. A. (2022). Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory: Relevance and Need for Refinement. Nursing science quarterly, 35(1), 70–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/08943184211051369
Yip, J. (2021). Theory-Based Advanced Nursing Practice: A Practice Update on the Application of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory. SAGE open nursing, 7, 23779608211011993. https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608211011993
The Self-Care Theory
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Preparing the Assignment
Identify your specialty area of NP practice (Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner). Select a nursing theory, borrowed theory, or interdisciplinary theory provided in the lesson plan or one of your own findings. Address the following:
Origin
Meaning and scope
Logical adequacy
Usefulness and simplicity
Generalizability
Testability
Finally, provide an example how the theory could be used to improve or evaluate the quality of practice in your specific setting. What rationale can you provide that validates the theory as applicable to the role of the nurse practitioner.
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